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                   GNU LIBRARY GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE  
                        Version 2, June 1991  
1    
2   Copyright (C) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.                    GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
3                      675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA                         Version 2.1, February 1999
4    
5     Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
6         51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
7   Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies   Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
8   of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.   of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
9    
10  [This is the first released version of the library GPL.  It is  [This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL.  It also counts
11   numbered 2 because it goes with version 2 of the ordinary GPL.]   as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence
12     the version number 2.1.]
13    
14                              Preamble                              Preamble
15    
16    The licenses for most software are designed to take away your    The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
17  freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public  freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
18  Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change  Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
19  free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.
20    
21    This license, the Library General Public License, applies to some    This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some
22  specially designated Free Software Foundation software, and to any  specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the
23  other libraries whose authors decide to use it.  You can use it for  Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it.  You
24  your libraries, too.  can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether
25    this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better
26    When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not  strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations
27  price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you  below.
28  have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for  
29  this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it    When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,
30  if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it  not price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that
31  in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.  you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge
32    for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get
33    it if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of
34    it in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do
35    these things.
36    
37    To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid    To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
38  anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.  distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these
39  These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if  rights.  These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for
40  you distribute copies of the library, or if you modify it.  you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.
41    
42    For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis    For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis
43  or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave  or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave
44  you.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source  you.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
45  code.  If you link a program with the library, you must provide  code.  If you link other code with the library, you must provide
46  complete object files to the recipients so that they can relink them  complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them
47  with the library, after making changes to the library and recompiling  with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling
48  it.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.  it.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
49    
50    Our method of protecting your rights has two steps: (1) copyright    We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the
51  the library, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal  library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal
52  permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.  permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.
53    
54    Also, for each distributor's protection, we want to make certain    To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that
55  that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free  there is no warranty for the free library.  Also, if the library is
56  library.  If the library is modified by someone else and passed on, we  modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know
57  want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original  that what they have is not the original version, so that the original
58  version, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on  author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be
59  the original authors' reputations.  introduced by others.
60    ^L
61    Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software    Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of
62  patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that companies distributing free  any free program.  We wish to make sure that a company cannot
63  software will individually obtain patent licenses, thus in effect  effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a
64  transforming the program into proprietary software.  To prevent this,  restrictive license from a patent holder.  Therefore, we insist that
65  we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's  any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be
66  free use or not licensed at all.  consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.
67    
68    Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the ordinary    Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the
69  GNU General Public License, which was designed for utility programs.  This  ordinary GNU General Public License.  This license, the GNU Lesser
70  license, the GNU Library General Public License, applies to certain  General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and
71  designated libraries.  This license is quite different from the ordinary  is quite different from the ordinary General Public License.  We use
72  one; be sure to read it in full, and don't assume that anything in it is  this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those
73  the same as in the ordinary license.  libraries into non-free programs.
74    
75    The reason we have a separate public license for some libraries is that    When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using
76  they blur the distinction we usually make between modifying or adding to a  a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a
77  program and simply using it.  Linking a program with a library, without  combined work, a derivative of the original library.  The ordinary
78  changing the library, is in some sense simply using the library, and is  General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the
79  analogous to running a utility program or application program.  However, in  entire combination fits its criteria of freedom.  The Lesser General
80  a textual and legal sense, the linked executable is a combined work, a  Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with
81  derivative of the original library, and the ordinary General Public License  the library.
82  treats it as such.  
83      We call this license the "Lesser" General Public License because it
84    Because of this blurred distinction, using the ordinary General  does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General
85  Public License for libraries did not effectively promote software  Public License.  It also provides other free software developers Less
86  sharing, because most developers did not use the libraries.  We  of an advantage over competing non-free programs.  These disadvantages
87  concluded that weaker conditions might promote sharing better.  are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many
88    libraries.  However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain
89    However, unrestricted linking of non-free programs would deprive the  special circumstances.
90  users of those programs of all benefit from the free status of the  
91  libraries themselves.  This Library General Public License is intended to    For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to
92  permit developers of non-free programs to use free libraries, while  encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it
93  preserving your freedom as a user of such programs to change the free  becomes
94  libraries that are incorporated in them.  (We have not seen how to achieve  a de-facto standard.  To achieve this, non-free programs must be
95  this as regards changes in header files, but we have achieved it as regards  allowed to use the library.  A more frequent case is that a free
96  changes in the actual functions of the Library.)  The hope is that this  library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries.  In this
97  will lead to faster development of free libraries.  case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free
98    software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License.
99    
100      In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free
101    programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of
102    free software.  For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in
103    non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU
104    operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating
105    system.
106    
107      Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the
108    users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is
109    linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run
110    that program using a modified version of the Library.
111    
112    The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and    The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
113  modification follow.  Pay close attention to the difference between a  modification follow.  Pay close attention to the difference between a
114  "work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library".  The  "work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library".  The
115  former contains code derived from the library, while the latter only  former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must
116  works together with the library.  be combined with the library in order to run.
117    ^L
118    Note that it is possible for a library to be covered by the ordinary                    GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
 General Public License rather than by this special one.  
   
                   GNU LIBRARY GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE  
119     TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION     TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
120    
121    0. This License Agreement applies to any software library which    0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other
122  contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or other authorized  program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or
123  party saying it may be distributed under the terms of this Library  other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of
124  General Public License (also called "this License").  Each licensee is  this Lesser General Public License (also called "this License").
125  addressed as "you".  Each licensee is addressed as "you".
126    
127    A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data    A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data
128  prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs  prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs
# Line 123  included without limitation in the term Line 139  included without limitation in the term
139    "Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for    "Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for
140  making modifications to it.  For a library, complete source code means  making modifications to it.  For a library, complete source code means
141  all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated  all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated
142  interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation  interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control
143    compilation
144  and installation of the library.  and installation of the library.
145    
146    Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not    Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
# Line 203  instead of to this License.  (If a newer Line 220  instead of to this License.  (If a newer
220  ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared, then you can specify  ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared, then you can specify
221  that version instead if you wish.)  Do not make any other change in  that version instead if you wish.)  Do not make any other change in
222  these notices.  these notices.
223    ^L
224    Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for    Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for
225  that copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to all  that copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to all
226  subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.  subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.
# Line 254  Library will still fall under Section 6. Line 271  Library will still fall under Section 6.
271  distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6.  distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6.
272  Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,  Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,
273  whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.  whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.
274    ^L
275    6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also compile or    6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or
276  link a "work that uses the Library" with the Library to produce a  link a "work that uses the Library" with the Library to produce a
277  work containing portions of the Library, and distribute that work  work containing portions of the Library, and distribute that work
278  under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit  under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit
# Line 282  of these things: Line 299  of these things:
299      Library will not necessarily be able to recompile the application      Library will not necessarily be able to recompile the application
300      to use the modified definitions.)      to use the modified definitions.)
301    
302      b) Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at      b) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the
303        Library.  A suitable mechanism is one that (1) uses at run time a
304        copy of the library already present on the user's computer system,
305        rather than copying library functions into the executable, and (2)
306        will operate properly with a modified version of the library, if
307        the user installs one, as long as the modified version is
308        interface-compatible with the version that the work was made with.
309    
310        c) Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at
311      least three years, to give the same user the materials      least three years, to give the same user the materials
312      specified in Subsection 6a, above, for a charge no more      specified in Subsection 6a, above, for a charge no more
313      than the cost of performing this distribution.      than the cost of performing this distribution.
314    
315      c) If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy      d) If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy
316      from a designated place, offer equivalent access to copy the above      from a designated place, offer equivalent access to copy the above
317      specified materials from the same place.      specified materials from the same place.
318    
319      d) Verify that the user has already received a copy of these      e) Verify that the user has already received a copy of these
320      materials or that you have already sent this user a copy.      materials or that you have already sent this user a copy.
321    
322    For an executable, the required form of the "work that uses the    For an executable, the required form of the "work that uses the
323  Library" must include any data and utility programs needed for  Library" must include any data and utility programs needed for
324  reproducing the executable from it.  However, as a special exception,  reproducing the executable from it.  However, as a special exception,
325  the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally  the materials to be distributed need not include anything that is
326  distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major  normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major
327  components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on  components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on
328  which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies  which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies
329  the executable.  the executable.
# Line 308  restrictions of other proprietary librar Line 333  restrictions of other proprietary librar
333  accompany the operating system.  Such a contradiction means you cannot  accompany the operating system.  Such a contradiction means you cannot
334  use both them and the Library together in an executable that you  use both them and the Library together in an executable that you
335  distribute.  distribute.
336    ^L
337    7. You may place library facilities that are a work based on the    7. You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
338  Library side-by-side in a single library together with other library  Library side-by-side in a single library together with other library
339  facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such a combined  facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such a combined
# Line 347  Library), the recipient automatically re Line 372  Library), the recipient automatically re
372  original licensor to copy, distribute, link with or modify the Library  original licensor to copy, distribute, link with or modify the Library
373  subject to these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further  subject to these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
374  restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.  restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
375  You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to  You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with
376  this License.  this License.
377    ^L
378    11. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent    11. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
379  infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),  infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
380  conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or  conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
# Line 363  all those who receive copies directly or Line 388  all those who receive copies directly or
388  the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to  the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
389  refrain entirely from distribution of the Library.  refrain entirely from distribution of the Library.
390    
391  If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any  If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
392  particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply,  any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
393  and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.  apply, and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
394    circumstances.
395    
396  It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any  It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
397  patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any  patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
# Line 383  be a consequence of the rest of this Lic Line 409  be a consequence of the rest of this Lic
409    
410    12. If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in    12. If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in
411  certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the  certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
412  original copyright holder who places the Library under this License may add  original copyright holder who places the Library under this License
413  an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries,  may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those
414  so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus  countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
415  excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if  countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
416  written in the body of this License.  the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
417    
418    13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new    13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
419  versions of the Library General Public License from time to time.  versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time.
420  Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,  Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,
421  but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
422    
# Line 401  conditions either of that version or of Line 427  conditions either of that version or of
427  the Free Software Foundation.  If the Library does not specify a  the Free Software Foundation.  If the Library does not specify a
428  license version number, you may choose any version ever published by  license version number, you may choose any version ever published by
429  the Free Software Foundation.  the Free Software Foundation.
430    ^L
431    14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free    14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free
432  programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,  programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,
433  write to the author to ask for permission.  For software which is  write to the author to ask for permission.  For software which is
# Line 411  decision will be guided by the two goals Line 437  decision will be guided by the two goals
437  of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing  of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing
438  and reuse of software generally.  and reuse of software generally.
439    
440                              NO WARRANTY                              NO WARRANTY
441    
442    15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO    15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
443  WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
# Line 434  FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH A Line 460  FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH A
460  SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH  SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
461  DAMAGES.  DAMAGES.
462    
463                       END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS                       END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
464    ^L
465       Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries             How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries
466    
467    If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest    If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest
468  possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that  possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that
469  everyone can redistribute and change.  You can do so by permitting  everyone can redistribute and change.  You can do so by permitting
470  redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms of the  redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms
471  ordinary General Public License).  of the ordinary General Public License).
472    
473    To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library.  It is    To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library.
474  safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively  It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most
475  convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the  effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should
476  "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.  have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full
477    notice is found.
478    
479      <one line to give the library's name and a brief idea of what it does.>  
480        <one line to give the library's name and a brief idea of what it
481    does.>
482      Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>      Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
483    
484      This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or      This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
485      modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public      modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
486      License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either      License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
487      version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.      version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
488    
489      This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,      This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
490      but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of      but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
491      MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU      MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
492      Library General Public License for more details.      Lesser General Public License for more details.
493    
494      You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public      You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
495      License along with this library; if not, write to the Free      License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
496      Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.      Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301  USA
497    
498  Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.  Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
499    mail.
500    
501  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
502    your
503  school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the library, if  school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the library, if
504  necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:  necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
505    
506    Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the    Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the
507    library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.    library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James
508    Random Hacker.
509    
510    <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990    <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990
511    Ty Coon, President of Vice    Ty Coon, President of Vice
512    
513  That's all there is to it!  That's all there is to it!
514    
515    

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