38 |
We show how object identity can be visualized |
We show how object identity can be visualized |
39 |
by |
by |
40 |
unique background textures |
unique background textures |
41 |
procedurally generated from the identity (hashcode) of the document or data item. |
procedurally generated from the identity (e.g., hashcode) of the document or data item. |
42 |
Unique backgrounds can assist |
|
43 |
|
XXXWAFFLE Unique backgrounds can assist |
44 |
user orientation |
user orientation |
45 |
when browsing a set of objects with |
when browsing a set of objects with |
46 |
similar overall appearance, |
similar overall appearance, |
47 |
especially in focus+context views. |
especially in focus+context views. |
48 |
|
|
49 |
%Unique backgrounds could be useful for assisting user orientation |
%Unique backgrounds could be useful for assisting user orientation |
50 |
%in several different user interfaces; our primary application |
%in several different user interfaces; our primary application |
51 |
%is navigating hyperstructures using Focus+Context views. |
%is navigating hyperstructures using Focus+Context views. |
71 |
show an example user interface for browsing linked PDF documents |
show an example user interface for browsing linked PDF documents |
72 |
in a focus+context view using unique backgrounds. |
in a focus+context view using unique backgrounds. |
73 |
|
|
74 |
|
Text readability is a major concern for using such backgrounds, |
75 |
|
and we discuss a method for enhancing readability by unnoticeably |
76 |
|
bleaching the background around text.. |
77 |
|
|
78 |
% The implementation works by combining a small set of basis textures |
% The implementation works by combining a small set of basis textures |
79 |
% and perceptually chosen colors |
% and perceptually chosen colors |
80 |
% on the GPU. |
% on the GPU. |
119 |
little passages, all alike''\cite{zork}. |
little passages, all alike''\cite{zork}. |
120 |
It is easy to become disoriented and lost in an environment |
It is easy to become disoriented and lost in an environment |
121 |
where different locations |
where different locations |
122 |
are very similar. |
have similar appearances. |
123 |
% The same applies to focus+context views of |
% The same applies to focus+context views of |
124 |
% sets of objects with a similar overall appearance. |
% sets of objects with a similar overall appearance. |
125 |
|
|
126 |
The motivation for this article comes from the desire |
% |
127 |
to show, |
% The motivation for this article comes from |
128 |
in a focus+context view, |
% the desire |
129 |
bidirectional intertextual links between specific |
% to show, |
130 |
regions of documents\cite{ted-xanalogical-structure-needed}. |
% in a focus+context view, |
131 |
Only a part of the text of the target document |
% bidirectional intertextual links between specific |
132 |
can be shown legibly, and to properly display |
% regions of documents\cite{ted-xanalogical-structure-needed}. |
133 |
the structure, this should be the region |
% Only a part of the text of the target document |
134 |
the link points to. |
% can be shown legibly, and to properly display |
135 |
|
% the structure, this should be the region |
136 |
However, the target document is most likely not recognizable based |
% the link points to. |
137 |
on just the fragment, since most documents look similar. |
% |
138 |
This could be alleviated by showing the header of the target |
% However, the target document is most likely not recognizable based |
139 |
document as well as the target fragment, but this |
% on just the fragment, since most documents look similar. |
140 |
is also difficult to recognize at a glance. |
% This could be alleviated by showing the header of the target |
141 |
|
% document as well as the target fragment, but this |
142 |
|
% is also difficult to recognize at a glance. |
143 |
|
|
144 |
% forces the user |
% forces the user |
145 |
% to read the header. |
% to read the header. |
177 |
In the following sections, |
In the following sections, |
178 |
we first review related work on texturing, |
we first review related work on texturing, |
179 |
Focus+Context views, and data identity. |
Focus+Context views, and data identity. |
180 |
|
Next, we discuss the motivating example for this work: |
181 |
|
a specific (xupdf XXX) focus+context |
182 |
|
user interface to a hypertext structure. |
183 |
Then, we formulate general principles for designing |
Then, we formulate general principles for designing |
184 |
recognizable backgrounds and present a hardware-accelerated implementation. |
recognizable backgrounds and present a hardware-accelerated implementation. |
185 |
|
Following this, we discuss enhancing text readability on such backgrounds |
186 |
|
and practical experiences. |
187 |
Finally, we show an example application of unique backgrounds |
Finally, we show an example application of unique backgrounds |
188 |
for browsing linked PDF documents in a focus+context view. |
for browsing linked PDF documents in a focus+context view. |
189 |
|
|
330 |
% use the information to advantage; likewise, developing such interfaces |
% use the information to advantage; likewise, developing such interfaces |
331 |
% is next to useless without having the backend functionality. |
% is next to useless without having the backend functionality. |
332 |
|
|
333 |
|
\section{The XXX xupdf user interface --- the motivation for unique backgrounds} |
334 |
|
|
335 |
\section{Unique Background Textures} |
\section{Unique Background Textures} |
336 |
|
|
905 |
} |
} |
906 |
\end{figure*} |
\end{figure*} |
907 |
|
|
908 |
|
\section{Text readability} |
909 |
|
|
910 |
|
The most commonly asked question about this work concerns |
911 |
|
text readability. We address this question in two different ways. |
912 |
|
|
913 |
|
\subsection{Easy zooming} |
914 |
|
|
915 |
|
\subsection{Enhancing} |
916 |
|
|
917 |
|
XXX |
918 |
|
|
919 |
|
We have bee |
920 |
|
|
921 |
|
Related to framing the text with light colors, ... |
922 |
|
|
923 |
|
The bleaching is unnoticeable and works well because |
924 |
|
we start from a fairly light background (>80 XXX). |
925 |
|
On a darker background, this approach would probably look silly. |
926 |
|
|
927 |
|
\section{Experiences, evaluation} |
928 |
|
|
929 |
\section{Software availability} |
\section{Software availability} |
930 |
|
|
931 |
An implementation of the unique backgrounds is available at |
An implementation of the unique backgrounds is available at |