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revision 1.6 by hemppah, Tue Nov 26 14:12:37 2002 UTC revision 1.7 by hemppah, Wed Nov 27 12:40:48 2002 UTC
# Line 50  sähköposti: hemppah@cc.jyu.fi} Line 50  sähköposti: hemppah@cc.jyu.fi}
50  %   Teksti alkaa...  %   Teksti alkaa...
51  %***********************  %***********************
52    
53  \section{Introduction}  \chapter{Introduction}
54    
55  Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems can be characterized as distributed systems in which all  Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems can be characterized as distributed systems in which all
56  communication is symmetric and all participants have identical capabilities and responsabilities.  communication is symmetric and all participants have identical capabilities and responsabilities.
# Line 63  P2P systems have recently received signi Line 63  P2P systems have recently received signi
63  of reasons. First, the lack of decentralization means that participants can form a P2P system without any  of reasons. First, the lack of decentralization means that participants can form a P2P system without any
64  investment to high-priced hardware to coordinate it. Moreover, P2P systems provides aggregation of enormous  investment to high-priced hardware to coordinate it. Moreover, P2P systems provides aggregation of enormous
65  resources and way to achieve interoperability. Finally, the distributed nature of P2P improves scalability  resources and way to achieve interoperability. Finally, the distributed nature of P2P improves scalability
66  and reliability againts certain kinds of faults, e.g. single point of failure.  and reliability againts certain kinds of faults, e.g. single point of failure.
67    
68    \chapter{Related Work}
69    
70    
71  \section{Peer-to-Peer Systems}  \chapter{Overview of P2P}
72    
73  This section discusses briefly general aspects of P2P systems. A more detailed general discussion can be found  This section discusses briefly general aspects of P2P systems. A more detailed general discussion can be found
74  from \cite{milojicic02peertopeer, oram01harnessingpower}.  from \cite{milojicic02peertopeer, oram01harnessingpower}.
75    
76    
77  \subsection{What is P2P ?}  \section{What is P2P ?}
78    
79  Altough the exact definition of "peer-to-peer" is debatable, these systems typically lack dedicated, centralized  Altough the exact definition of "peer-to-peer" is debatable, these systems typically lack dedicated, centralized
80  infrastructure, resources and services depends on the voluntary participation of peers. Because of that, the  infrastructure, resources and services depends on the voluntary participation of peers. Because of that, the
# Line 122  and what it is not. It is extremely inte Line 123  and what it is not. It is extremely inte
123    
124    
125    
126  \subsection{A brief history of Peer-to-Peer Systems}  \section{A brief history of Peer-to-Peer Systems}
127    
128  The Internet has been originally established in the late 1960s \cite{oram01harnessingpower}.  The Internet has been originally established in the late 1960s \cite{oram01harnessingpower}.
129  The aim of the ARPANET-project was to share computers' resources around the  The aim of the ARPANET-project was to share computers' resources around the
# Line 133  equal networking peers. This could be se Line 134  equal networking peers. This could be se
134  Internet [REFERENCE NEEDED!!!].  Internet [REFERENCE NEEDED!!!].
135    
136  While most early distributed applications can be considered P2P, e-mail systems and Usenet  While most early distributed applications can be considered P2P, e-mail systems and Usenet
137  News were probably the most widely used. In both cases, local server created connections to  News were probably the most extensively used. In both cases, local server created connections to
138  other peer servers to deliver messages into the user's mail box or into a spool box  other peer servers to deliver messages into the user's mail box or into a spool box
139  containing messages from the newsgroups. The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) can be considered as a  containing messages from the newsgroups. The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) can be considered as a
140  predecessor to today's file-sharing P2P systems. Eventually, Archie indexing system, was developed to  predecessor to today's file-sharing P2P systems. Eventually, the Archie indexing system, was developed to
141  provide a central search mechanism over existing FTP servers. Napster \cite{napsterurl} is a good  provide a central search infrastructure over existing FTP servers. Napster \cite{napsterurl} is a good
142  example of this kind of model in modern P2P file-sharing systems.  example of this kind of approach in modern P2P file-sharing systems.
143    
144  \subsection{Applications}  \section{Characteristics of P2P}
145    
146  \subsection{Security}  \subsection{Decentralization}
147    
148  \subsection{Piracy}  \subsection{Scalability and Adaption}
149    
150  \subsection{Business}  \subsection{Anonymity and Autonomy}
151    
152    \subsection{Self-Organization}
153    
154  \section{Existing Peer-to-Peer systems}  \subsection{Cost of Ownership}
155    
156    \subsection{Ad-Hoc Connectivity}
157    
158    \section{Types of P2P Systems}
159    
160    \subsection{Distributed Computing}
161    
162    \subsection{File and Content Sharing}
163    
164    \subsection{Colloboration}
165    
166    \subsection{Platforms}
167    
168    \chapter{Existing P2P file-sharing systems}
169    
170    \section{Flooding broadcast systems}
171    
172    \subsection{Gnutella}
173    \subsection{FastTrack}
174    \subsection{Gnutella2}
175    
176    \section{Distributed hash table systems}
177    
178    \subsection{Plaxton}
179    
180    \subsection{OceanStore}
181    
182    \subsection{Tapestry}
183    
184    \subsection{Pastry}
185    
186    \subsection{Chord}
187    
188    \subsection{CAN}
189    
190    \subsection{GISP}
191    
192    \subsection{...}
193    
194    \section{Distributed Sloppy Hash Tables}
195    
196    \subsection{Coral}
197    
198    \section{Hybrid systems}
199    
200    \subsection{Yappers}
201    
202    \section{Tree based systems}
203    
204    \subsection{Kademlia}
205    
206    \section{Selective forwarding systems}
207    
208    \subsection{Freenet}
209    
210    \section{Social Discovery Mechanism}
211    
212    \subsection{Alpine}
213    
214    \section{Future}
215    
216    \chapter{Open Problems in P2P Systems}
217    
218    \section{Scalability}
219    
220    \section{Resource Discovery}
221    
222    \section{Routing Algorithms for DHT}
223    
224    \section{Complex Queries in DHT systems}
225    
226    \section{Dynamic Data Placement Problem}
227    
228    \section{Security}
229    
230    \subsection{File Authenticy}
231    
232    \subsection{Access Control}
233    
234    \subsection{Availability}
235    
236    \subsection{Anonymity}
237    
238    
239    \chapter{Overview of Gzz system}
240    
241    \section{Overview of Gzz}
242    
243    \section{Xanalogical model}
244    
245    \section{ZigZag hyperstructure}
246    
247    \section{Storm}
248    
249    \chapter{Gzz and P2P}
250    
251    \section{Motivation}
252    
253    \section{Special Requirements}
254    
255    \section{Benefits}
256    
257    \chapter{Conclusion}
258    
 \subsection{Search Methods}  
259    
260  - - - -  - - - -
261    
# Line 685  By taking advantage of this style of int Line 789  By taking advantage of this style of int
789  resource discovery in large peer based networks can be implemented successfully.  resource discovery in large peer based networks can be implemented successfully.
790    
791    
792    \bibliographystyle{gradu}
 \subsection{Business}  
 \subsection{Business}  
 \subsection{Business}  
 \subsection{Business}  
 \subsection{Business}  
 \subsection{Business}  
   
   
 \section{Gzz system}  
   
 \section{Gzz and Peer-to-Peer network}  
   
 \section{Conclusion}  
 \bibliographystyle{plain}  
793  \bibliography{progradu}  \bibliography{progradu}
794    
795    

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