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revision 1.156 by hemppah, Wed Mar 19 09:20:49 2003 UTC revision 1.157 by hemppah, Wed Mar 19 09:25:48 2003 UTC
# Line 177  approach the overlay is constructed dete Line 177  approach the overlay is constructed dete
177  \section{Centralized}  \section{Centralized}
178    
179  Napster\footnote{We decided to include Napster in this section only because it has  Napster\footnote{We decided to include Napster in this section only because it has
180  historical value (see previous section).} \cite{yang02comparinghybrid}  was designed to allow  historical value (see previous section).} \cite{napsterurl}  was designed to allow
181  people to share music. It was a hybrid Peer-to-Peer file-sharing system, i.e., the search  people to share music. It was a hybrid Peer-to-Peer file-sharing system, i.e., the search
182  index was centralized and the distribution of storage and serving of files was distributed.  index was centralized and the distribution of storage and serving of files was distributed.
183  Peers in the Napster network made requests to the central directory server to find  Peers in the Napster network made requests to the central directory server to find
# Line 188  directory, and had a single point of fai Line 188  directory, and had a single point of fai
188    
189  \section{Loosely structured}  \section{Loosely structured}
190    
191  Gnutella \cite{ripeanu02mappinggnutella} is a well-known example of loosely structured overlay network. Gnutella  Gnutella \cite{gnutellaurl} is a well-known example of loosely structured overlay network. Gnutella
192  is a pure Peer-to-Peer network as no peer is more important than any other peer in the network.  is a pure Peer-to-Peer network as no peer is more important than any other peer in the network.
193  The construction and maintenance of Gnutella network is extremely ad hoc, since participating  The construction and maintenance of Gnutella network is extremely ad hoc, since participating
194  peers can form the overlay network based on \emph{local} knowledge. Figure \ref{fig:gnutella_overlay}  peers can form the overlay network based on \emph{local} knowledge. Figure \ref{fig:gnutella_overlay}
195  illustrates how peers form an overlay network. Initially, peer 1 creates the overlay, since  illustrates the overlay network of Gnutella network. The Gnutella network can be considered as a variation of \emph{scale-free
196  it is the first participating peer. Then, repeatedly new peers join the network and connect to  graph}. In scale-free graphs (also known as power-law graphs) only a few peers have high number of neighbor
197  other peers randomly. Thus, Gnutella can be considered as a variation of \emph{scale-free  links and the majority of peers have low number of neighbor links.
 graph}\footnote{In scale-free graphs (also known as power-law graphs) only a few peers have high number of neighbor  
 links and the majority of peers have low number of neighbor links.}.  
198    
199  \begin{figure}  \begin{figure}
200  \centering  \centering

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