53 |
- ZUI |
- ZUI |
54 |
|
|
55 |
- very little variation |
- very little variation |
56 |
- 3D wm |
|
57 |
|
Even in systems that modify the conventional windowing model, |
58 |
|
such as the |
59 |
|
|
60 |
|
3D window manager "Task Wall" \cite{robertson00task} |
61 |
|
and Elastic Windows\cite{kandogan96elastic,kandogan97elastic}, |
62 |
|
3D book of web pages (WebBook)\cite{card96webbook}, |
63 |
|
organization of documents: LifeStreams\cite{freeman95lifestreams,freeman96lifestreams}, |
64 |
|
mUltimo3D\cite{liu-threedimensional} |
65 |
|
SPI hyperdocument presentation interface\cite{hannemann93hyperdocument} |
66 |
|
|
67 |
|
the PAD zoomable interface\cite{perlin93pad} |
68 |
|
|
69 |
|
the viewports to the |
70 |
|
|
71 |
|
One practical reason: efficiency |
72 |
|
|
73 |
|
all |
74 |
|
|
75 |
|
but still windows and viewports completely |
76 |
|
rectangular |
77 |
|
|
78 |
? |
? |
79 |
|
|
80 |
- document wall?! |
- document wall?! |
81 |
- fisheye |
- fisheye |
82 |
- ? others --- mostly rectangular, though |
- ? others --- mostly rectangular, though |
83 |
|
|
84 |
Xerox PARC frames |
Xerox PARC frames |
85 |
|
|
|
3D wm ref? |
|
86 |
|
|
87 |
Non-rectangular window shapes technically possible but not |
Non-rectangular window shapes technically possible but not |
88 |
used except for some special effects such as a |
used except for some special effects such as a |
169 |
|
|
170 |
Edge shapes: attached and sprinkled. |
Edge shapes: attached and sprinkled. |
171 |
|
|
172 |
|
Metaphor: \cite{kuhn91formalization}: |
173 |
|
|
174 |
\section{Hardware-accelerated implementation} |
\section{Hardware-accelerated implementation} |
175 |
|
|
176 |
In the following, we shall concentrate on drawing one section |
In the following, we shall concentrate on drawing one section |
201 |
|
|
202 |
\subsection{Drawing the edge} |
\subsection{Drawing the edge} |
203 |
|
|
204 |
|
% Victoria Interrante , Henry Fuchs , Stephen Pizer, Illustrating transparent surfaces with curvature-directed strokes, Proceedings of the conference on Visualization '96, p.211-ff., October 28-29, 1996, San Francisco, California, United States |
205 |
|
|
206 |
|
% Georges Winkenbach , David H. Salesin, Computer-generated pen-and-ink illustration, Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, p.91-100, July 1994 |
207 |
|
|
208 |
|
% Ahna Girshick , Victoria Interrante , Steven Haker , Todd Lemoine, Line direction matters: an argument for the use of principal directions in 3D line drawings, Proceedings of the first international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering, p.43-52, June 05-07, 2000, Annecy, France |
209 |
|
|
210 |
|
|
211 |
|
|
212 |
|
% Takafumi Saito , Tokiichiro Takahashi, NC machining with G-buffer method, ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, v.25 n.4, p.207-216, July 1991 |
213 |
|
|
214 |
|
|
215 |
Most work to date |
Most work to date |
216 |
on NPR edges concerns either |
on NPR silhouette edges concerns either |
217 |
polygon-based 3D models\cite{buchanan00edge,raskar01hardware,markosian97realtime,% |
polygon-based 3D models\cite{buchanan00edge,raskar01hardware,markosian97realtime,% |
218 |
northrup00artistic} or |
northrup00artistic,raskar99silhouette} or |
219 |
image-based approaches\cite{saito90comprehensible}. |
image-based approaches\cite{saito90comprehensible}. |
220 |
|
|
221 |
|
|
222 |
. |
. |
223 |
|
|
224 |
\subsubsection{The oldest trick} |
\subsubsection{The oldest trick} |
301 |
|
|
302 |
- help for ZUI: zoom factor |
- help for ZUI: zoom factor |
303 |
|
|
304 |
|
- no scrollbars |
305 |
|
|
306 |
|
- not needed in proper focus+context UI: if we're interested |
307 |
|
we just *GO* there and it expands. Can have scrollbars on |
308 |
|
"main" focus view |
309 |
|
|
310 |
frequencies: only low/high in frames |
frequencies: only low/high in frames |
311 |
|
|
312 |
|
\section{Acknowledgments} |
313 |
|
|
314 |
|
The authors would like to thank Antti-Juhani Kaijanaho for discussions. |
315 |
|
|
316 |
\bibliographystyle{plain} |
\bibliographystyle{plain} |
317 |
\bibliography{gzigzag} |
\bibliography{gzigzag} |
318 |
|
|