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Objectives and methods |
Objectives and methods |
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====================== |
====================== |
280 |
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Research methods in general |
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Mathematical modeling |
.. comment |
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Most of the new user interface techniques are motivated by perceptual |
Research methods in general |
285 |
aspects such as texture perception, color perception, |
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Gestalt principles of grouping, etc. |
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To understand the |
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we need to model the properties of human visual perception |
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and cognition. |
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286 |
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287 |
In this approach, we can apply the earlier experience |
Mathematical modeling |
288 |
on the MCMC and other sampling and modeling methods. |
''''''''''''''''''''' |
289 |
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290 |
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Most of the new user interface techniques are motivated by perceptual |
291 |
|
aspects such as texture perception, color perception, |
292 |
|
Gestalt principles of grouping, etc. |
293 |
|
To understand the |
294 |
|
we need to model the properties of human visual perception |
295 |
|
and cognition. |
296 |
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297 |
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In this approach, we can apply the earlier experience |
298 |
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on the MCMC and other sampling and modeling methods. |
299 |
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.. comment |
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300 |
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301 |
For example, fillets are designed to enhance perceivability of visual |
For example, fillets are designed to enhance perceivability of visual |
302 |
connections between interface elements. |
connections between interface elements. |
303 |
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304 |
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305 |
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306 |
Usability experiments |
Usability experiments |
307 |
''''''''''''''''''''' |
''''''''''''''''''''' |
308 |
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309 |
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.. - fillets more general testing |
310 |
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- paper distributions (color, etc.) |
311 |
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- irregu? |
312 |
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- controllers |
313 |
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- "stress-testing"? |
314 |
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315 |
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316 |
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317 |
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Objectives, hypotheses, and methods per sub-project |
318 |
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--------------------------------------------------- |
319 |
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320 |
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Because of the nature of this project, there are a num |
321 |
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322 |
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Fillets |
323 |
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''''''' |
324 |
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325 |
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TJL |
326 |
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327 |
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Fillets[lukka02fillets] for graph rendering were invented |
328 |
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in the Fenfire project at the time when we were |
329 |
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still working with Ted Nelson's ZigZag structure. |
330 |
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331 |
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Filleting, or rounding corners of surfaces, is |
332 |
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used in mechanical engineering to improve |
333 |
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the properties of cast objects. |
334 |
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Our use of the filleting for connections in graph-like diagrams |
335 |
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is motivated by the Gestalt principle of good |
336 |
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continuation. Smoothly changing contours enable more efficient perceptual |
337 |
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grouping of visual elements, in this case, |
338 |
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grouping of the node and the connection. |
339 |
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340 |
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In situations where the graph layout is constrained, |
341 |
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e.g.~Focus+Context views or views where the coordinates of the nodes |
342 |
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are informative, fillets can clarify the relationships considerably without |
343 |
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altering the layout. |
344 |
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345 |
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346 |
One of the basic principles of the Fenfire user interfaces is continuity. |
One of the basic principles of the Fenfire user interface is continuity. |
347 |
Continuity helps the user to perceive the interface as cognitively |
Continuity helps the user to perceive the interface as cognitively |
348 |
coherent --- things are related to each other, not disconnected. This |
coherent - things are related to each other, not disconnected. This |
349 |
reduces load in the user's working memory. |
reduces load in the user's working memory. |
350 |
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351 |
Some of the ideas aiming to maintain continuity in the Fenfire user |
Some of the ideas aiming to maintain continuity in the Fenfire user |
352 |
interface (such as focus-context) have been proved to be efficient by |
interface (such as focus-context) have been proved to be efficient by |
353 |
earlier researchers. Several ideas presented here are, however, genuinely |
earlier researchers. Several ideas presented here are, however, genuinely |
354 |
new and thus need to be subjected to rigor experimenting and testing. We |
new and thus need to be subjected to rigor experimenting and testing. We |
355 |
plan to test the usability of the ideas first in basic cognitive tasks |
plan to test the usability of the ideas first in basic cognitive tasks |
356 |
before implementing and testing them in a larger context. |
before implementing and testing them in a larger context. |
357 |
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358 |
The first-phase experiments include tasks varying from very simple |
The first-phase experiments include tasks varying from very simple |
359 |
perceptual tasks (such as visual search and recognition) to more complex |
perceptual tasks (such as visual search and recognition) to more complex |
360 |
problem-solving tasks. The experiments will be conducted with about ten |
problem-solving tasks. The experiments will be conducted with about ten |
361 |
naïve participants per experiment. The data will include response times |
naïve participants per experiment. The data will include response times |
362 |
and error rates of the participants. In addition, surveys or short |
and error rates of the participants. In addition, surveys or short |
363 |
interviews can be used to collect the personal opinions of the |
interviews can be used to collect the personal opinions of the |
364 |
participants about the tested idea. |
participants about the tested idea. |
365 |
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366 |
In the next phase, the techniques will be tested in a more realistic |
For example, fillets are designed to enhance perceivability of visual |
367 |
situation. |
connections between interface elements. Fillets have been tested in a |
368 |
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controlled experiment, showing that fillets do facilitate recognizing |
369 |
|
certain visual structures in a collection of visual items and their |
370 |
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interconnections, compared to more common implementations. In the next |
371 |
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phase, fillets will be tested in a more realistic situation requiring the |
372 |
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user to trace visual connections between information items. |
373 |
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374 |
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Textured backgrounds implement continuity by providing unique, permanent |
375 |
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visual context for interface elements to facilitate search and recognition |
376 |
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of the elements in prolonged use. Textures will be tested to show that the |
377 |
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user can implicitly memorize textures during interaction with the |
378 |
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interface elements and use this information to recognize the elements |
379 |
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faster and more accurately. We will also conduct readibility tests on |
380 |
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textures to show that a textured background of text does not necessarily |
381 |
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impair either the legibility or the readability of the text. |
382 |
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Finally, we will carry usability tests on a simulated interface, in which |
Finally, we will carry usability tests on a simulated interface, in which |
384 |
several ideas are implemented simultaneously. The users will be observed |
several ideas are implemented simultaneously. The users will be observed |
385 |
in realistic use situations. Behavioral data will be gathered in verbal |
in realistic use situations. Behavioral data will be gathered in verbal |
386 |
protocols, videotaping, and surveys. |
protocols, videotaping, and surveys. |
387 |
|
|
|
.. - fillets more general testing |
|
|
- paper distributions (color, etc.) |
|
|
- irregu? |
|
|
- controllers |
|
|
- "stress-testing"? |
|
388 |
|
|
389 |
|
Our earlier reseach has shown that filleting significantly |
390 |
|
improves the perceivability of certain graph layouts. |
391 |
|
We plan to obtain experimental justification and |
392 |
|
to formulate principles of filleting |
393 |
|
in more general layouts including curved connections |
394 |
|
and smooth animation. |
395 |
|
Generalizing filleting to three dimensions ... |
396 |
|
|
397 |
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- quantitative experimental results from general graphs layout |
398 |
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|
399 |
Objectives, hypotheses, and methods per sub-project |
Goals??? |
|
--------------------------------------------------- |
|
400 |
|
|
|
Because of the nature of this project, there are a num |
|
401 |
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|
402 |
Buoys |
Buoys |
403 |
''''' |
''''' |
496 |
there is no real-world analogue. |
there is no real-world analogue. |
497 |
|
|
498 |
|
|
|
Fillets |
|
|
''''''' |
|
|
TJL |
|
|
|
|
|
Fillets[lukka02fillets] for graph rendering were invented |
|
|
in the Fenfire project at the time when we were |
|
|
still working with Ted Nelson's ZigZag structure. |
|
|
|
|
|
Filleting, or rounding corners of surfaces, is |
|
|
used in mechanical engineering to improve |
|
|
the properties of cast objects. |
|
|
Our use of the filleting for connections in graph-like diagrams |
|
|
is motivated by the Gestalt principle of good |
|
|
continuation. Smoothly changing contours enable more efficient perceptual |
|
|
grouping of visual elements, in this case, |
|
|
grouping of the node and the connection. |
|
|
|
|
|
In situations where the graph layout is constrained, |
|
|
e.g.~Focus+Context views or views where the coordinates of the nodes |
|
|
are informative, fillets can clarify the relationships considerably without |
|
|
altering the layout. |
|
|
|
|
|
Fillets have been tested in a |
|
|
controlled experiment, showing that fillets do facilitate recognizing |
|
|
certain visual structures in a collection of visual items and their |
|
|
interconnections, compared to more common implementations. In the next |
|
|
phase, fillets will be tested in a more realistic situation requiring the |
|
|
user to trace visual connections between information items. |
|
|
|
|
|
XXX |
|
|
|
|
|
Our earlier reseach has shown that filleting significantly |
|
|
improves the perceivability of certain graph layouts. |
|
|
We plan to obtain experimental justification and |
|
|
to formulate principles of filleting |
|
|
in more general layouts including curved connections |
|
|
and smooth animation. |
|
|
Generalizing filleting to three dimensions ... |
|
|
|
|
|
- quantitative experimental results from general graphs layout |
|
|
|
|
|
Goals??? |
|
|
|
|
499 |
Text filtering |
Text filtering |
500 |
'''''''''''''' |
'''''''''''''' |
501 |
|
|