221 |
Solutions for certain number-conserving deterministic cellular automata. |
Solutions for certain number-conserving deterministic cellular automata. |
222 |
*Physical Review E* 65, 026115, 2002. |
*Physical Review E* 65, 026115, 2002. |
223 |
The simple cellular automaton |
The simple cellular automaton |
224 |
rules introduced in [JVKXXXFUCHSBOCCARAREF] produced an unexpected result in simulations. |
rules introduced in [fuksboccara-generalized]_ produced an unexpected result in simulations. |
225 |
We were able to solve the problem exactly starting from first principles, |
We were able to solve the problem exactly starting from first principles, |
226 |
by using generating functions in a rather twisted way. |
by using generating functions in a rather twisted way. |
227 |
|
|
280 |
Objectives and methods |
Objectives and methods |
281 |
====================== |
====================== |
282 |
|
|
283 |
(reorg: "general (user experiments, math. modeling)", then specific projects, |
Research methods in general |
284 |
stating for each the objectives *and* methods.) |
--------------------------- |
285 |
|
|
286 |
Objectives of the research |
Mathematical modeling |
287 |
-------------------------- |
''''''''''''''''''''' |
288 |
|
|
289 |
|
JVK, HH |
290 |
|
|
291 |
|
For text filtering and ... |
292 |
|
|
293 |
|
As one theoretical approach for modeling the readability |
294 |
|
we can use the correlation function of the rendered text. |
295 |
|
|
296 |
|
In this approach, we can apply the earlier experience |
297 |
|
on the MCMC and other sampling and modeling methods. |
298 |
|
|
299 |
|
Usability experiments |
300 |
|
''''''''''''''''''''' |
301 |
|
|
302 |
|
JVK, HH |
303 |
|
|
304 |
|
Most of the new user interface tehcnologies are based on |
305 |
|
modeling properties of human visual perception and cognition. |
306 |
|
|
307 |
|
One of the basic principles of the Fenfire user interfaces is continuity. |
308 |
|
Continuity helps the user to perceive the interface as cognitively |
309 |
|
coherent --- things are related to each other, not disconnected. This |
310 |
|
reduces load in the user's working memory. |
311 |
|
|
312 |
|
Some of the ideas aiming to maintain continuity in the Fenfire user |
313 |
|
interface (such as focus-context) have been proved to be efficient by |
314 |
|
earlier researchers. Several ideas presented here are, however, genuinely |
315 |
|
new and thus need to be subjected to rigor experimenting and testing. We |
316 |
|
plan to test the usability of the ideas first in basic cognitive tasks |
317 |
|
before implementing and testing them in a larger context. |
318 |
|
|
319 |
|
The first-phase experiments include tasks varying from very simple |
320 |
|
perceptual tasks (such as visual search and recognition) to more complex |
321 |
|
problem-solving tasks. The experiments will be conducted with about ten |
322 |
|
naïve participants per experiment. The data will include response times |
323 |
|
and error rates of the participants. In addition, surveys or short |
324 |
|
interviews can be used to collect the personal opinions of the |
325 |
|
participants about the tested idea. |
326 |
|
|
327 |
|
For example, fillets are designed to enhance perceivability of visual |
328 |
|
connections between interface elements. Fillets have been tested in a |
329 |
|
controlled experiment, showing that fillets do facilitate recognizing |
330 |
|
certain visual structures in a collection of visual items and their |
331 |
|
interconnections, compared to more common implementations. In the next |
332 |
|
phase, fillets will be tested in a more realistic situation requiring the |
333 |
|
user to trace visual connections between information items. |
334 |
|
|
335 |
|
Textured backgrounds implement continuity by providing unique, permanent |
336 |
|
visual context for interface elements to facilitate search and recognition |
337 |
|
of the elements in prolonged use. Textures will be tested to show that the |
338 |
|
user can implicitly memorize textures during interaction with the |
339 |
|
interface elements and use this information to recognize the elements |
340 |
|
faster and more accurately. We will also conduct readibility tests on |
341 |
|
textures to show that a textured background of text does not necessarily |
342 |
|
impair either the legibility or the readability of the text. |
343 |
|
|
344 |
|
Finally, we will carry usability tests on a simulated interface, in which |
345 |
|
several ideas are implemented simultaneously. The users will be observed |
346 |
|
in realistic use situations. Behavioral data will be gathered in verbal |
347 |
|
protocols, videotaping, and surveys. |
348 |
|
|
349 |
|
.. - fillets more general testing |
350 |
|
- paper distributions (color, etc.) |
351 |
|
- irregu? |
352 |
|
- controllers |
353 |
|
- "stress-testing"? |
354 |
|
|
355 |
|
|
356 |
|
|
357 |
|
Objectives, hypotheses, and methods per sub-project |
358 |
|
--------------------------------------------------- |
359 |
|
|
360 |
Because of the nature of this project, there are a num |
Because of the nature of this project, there are a num |
361 |
|
|
600 |
allow more context to be shown but also induce |
allow more context to be shown but also induce |
601 |
usability issues that need to be solved. |
usability issues that need to be solved. |
602 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hypotheses and research methods |
|
|
------------------------------- |
|
|
|
|
|
Mathematical modeling |
|
|
''''''''''''''''''''' |
|
|
|
|
|
JVK, HH |
|
|
|
|
|
For text filtering and ... |
|
|
|
|
|
As one theoretical approach for modeling the readability |
|
|
we can use the correlation function of the rendered text. |
|
|
|
|
|
In this approach, we can apply the earlier experience |
|
|
on the MCMC and other sampling and modeling methods. |
|
|
|
|
|
Usability experiments |
|
|
''''''''''''''''''''' |
|
|
|
|
|
JVK, HH |
|
|
|
|
|
Most of the new user interface tehcnologies are based on |
|
|
modeling properties of human visual perception and cognition. |
|
|
|
|
|
One of the basic principles of the Fenfire user interfaces is continuity. |
|
|
Continuity helps the user to perceive the interface as cognitively |
|
|
coherent --- things are related to each other, not disconnected. This |
|
|
reduces load in the user's working memory. |
|
|
|
|
|
Some of the ideas aiming to maintain continuity in the Fenfire user |
|
|
interface (such as focus-context) have been proved to be efficient by |
|
|
earlier researchers. Several ideas presented here are, however, genuinely |
|
|
new and thus need to be subjected to rigor experimenting and testing. We |
|
|
plan to test the usability of the ideas first in basic cognitive tasks |
|
|
before implementing and testing them in a larger context. |
|
|
|
|
|
The first-phase experiments include tasks varying from very simple |
|
|
perceptual tasks (such as visual search and recognition) to more complex |
|
|
problem-solving tasks. The experiments will be conducted with about ten |
|
|
naïve participants per experiment. The data will include response times |
|
|
and error rates of the participants. In addition, surveys or short |
|
|
interviews can be used to collect the personal opinions of the |
|
|
participants about the tested idea. |
|
|
|
|
|
For example, fillets are designed to enhance perceivability of visual |
|
|
connections between interface elements. Fillets have been tested in a |
|
|
controlled experiment, showing that fillets do facilitate recognizing |
|
|
certain visual structures in a collection of visual items and their |
|
|
interconnections, compared to more common implementations. In the next |
|
|
phase, fillets will be tested in a more realistic situation requiring the |
|
|
user to trace visual connections between information items. |
|
|
|
|
|
Textured backgrounds implement continuity by providing unique, permanent |
|
|
visual context for interface elements to facilitate search and recognition |
|
|
of the elements in prolonged use. Textures will be tested to show that the |
|
|
user can implicitly memorize textures during interaction with the |
|
|
interface elements and use this information to recognize the elements |
|
|
faster and more accurately. We will also conduct readibility tests on |
|
|
textures to show that a textured background of text does not necessarily |
|
|
impair either the legibility or the readability of the text. |
|
|
|
|
|
Finally, we will carry usability tests on a simulated interface, in which |
|
|
several ideas are implemented simultaneously. The users will be observed |
|
|
in realistic use situations. Behavioral data will be gathered in verbal |
|
|
protocols, videotaping, and surveys. |
|
|
|
|
|
.. - fillets more general testing |
|
|
- paper distributions (color, etc.) |
|
|
- irregu? |
|
|
- controllers |
|
|
- "stress-testing"? |
|
|
|
|
603 |
|
|
604 |
Research schedule |
Research schedule |
605 |
----------------- |
----------------- |