/[emacs]/emacs/man/programs.texi
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revision 1.87 by rms, Sun Jan 30 11:21:42 2005 UTC revision 1.88 by rms, Wed Feb 16 10:17:01 2005 UTC
# Line 73  and you can select it by typing @kbd{M-x Line 73  and you can select it by typing @kbd{M-x
73  @cindex Metafont mode  @cindex Metafont mode
74  @cindex Modula2 mode  @cindex Modula2 mode
75  @cindex Prolog mode  @cindex Prolog mode
76    @cindex Python mode
77  @cindex Simula mode  @cindex Simula mode
78  @cindex VHDL mode  @cindex VHDL mode
79  @cindex M4 mode  @cindex M4 mode
# Line 84  variant of Lisp) and the Scheme-based DS Line 85  variant of Lisp) and the Scheme-based DS
85  ASM, AWK, C, C++, Delphi (Object Pascal), Fortran (free format and fixed  ASM, AWK, C, C++, Delphi (Object Pascal), Fortran (free format and fixed
86  format), Icon, IDL (CORBA), IDLWAVE, Java, Metafont (@TeX{}'s  format), Icon, IDL (CORBA), IDLWAVE, Java, Metafont (@TeX{}'s
87  companion for font creation), Modula2, Objective-C, Octave, Pascal,  companion for font creation), Modula2, Objective-C, Octave, Pascal,
88  Perl, Pike, PostScript, Prolog, Simula, Tcl, and VHDL.  There is  Perl, Pike, PostScript, Prolog, Python, Simula, Tcl, and VHDL.  There is
89  also a major mode for makefiles, called Makefile mode.  An alternative  also a major mode for makefiles, called Makefile mode.  An alternative
90  mode for Perl is called CPerl mode.  Modes are available for the  mode for Perl is called CPerl mode.  Modes are available for the
91  scripting languages of the common GNU and Unix shells, VMS DCL, and  scripting languages of the common GNU and Unix shells, VMS DCL, and
# Line 241  which puts point at the beginning and ma Line 242  which puts point at the beginning and ma
242  defun.  This is the easiest way to get ready to kill the defun in  defun.  This is the easiest way to get ready to kill the defun in
243  order to move it to a different place in the file.  If you use the  order to move it to a different place in the file.  If you use the
244  command while point is between defuns, it uses the following defun.  command while point is between defuns, it uses the following defun.
245    Successive uses of @kbd{C-M-h}, or using it in Transient Mark mode
246    when the mark is active, includes an additional defun in the region
247    each time.
248    
249    In C mode, @kbd{C-M-h} runs the function @code{c-mark-function},    In C mode, @kbd{C-M-h} runs the function @code{c-mark-function},
250  which is almost the same as @code{mark-defun}; the difference is that  which is almost the same as @code{mark-defun}; the difference is that
# Line 375  whitespace at the beginning of the line, Line 379  whitespace at the beginning of the line,
379  that whitespace; otherwise, @key{TAB} keeps point fixed with respect to  that whitespace; otherwise, @key{TAB} keeps point fixed with respect to
380  the characters around it.  the characters around it.
381    
382    Use @kbd{C-q @key{TAB}} to insert a tab at point.    Use @kbd{C-q @key{TAB}} to insert a tab character at point.
383    
384  @kindex C-j  @kindex C-j
385  @findex newline-and-indent  @findex newline-and-indent
# Line 384  the characters around it. Line 388  the characters around it.
388  followed by a @key{TAB}.  @kbd{C-j} at the end of a line creates a  followed by a @key{TAB}.  @kbd{C-j} at the end of a line creates a
389  blank line and then gives it the appropriate indentation.  blank line and then gives it the appropriate indentation.
390    
391    @key{TAB} indents lines that start within a parenthetical grouping    @key{TAB} indents a line that starts within a parenthetical grouping
392  each under the preceding line (or the text after the parenthesis).  under the preceding line within the grouping, or the text after the
393  Therefore, if you manually give one of these lines a nonstandard  parenthesis.  Therefore, if you manually give one of these lines a
394  indentation, the lines below will tend to follow it.  This behavior is  nonstandard indentation, the lines below will tend to follow it.  This
395  convenient in cases where you have overridden the standard result of  behavior is convenient in cases where you have overridden the standard
396  @key{TAB} because you find it unaesthetic for a particular line.  result of @key{TAB} because you find it unaesthetic for a particular
397    line.
398    
399    Remember that an open-parenthesis, open-brace or other opening delimiter    Remember that an open-parenthesis, open-brace or other opening delimiter
400  at the left margin is assumed by Emacs (including the indentation routines)  at the left margin is assumed by Emacs (including the indentation routines)
# Line 586  example, Line 591  example,
591    
592  @noindent  @noindent
593  specifies an explicit choice for Java mode, and the default @samp{gnu}  specifies an explicit choice for Java mode, and the default @samp{gnu}
594  style for the other C-like modes.  This variable takes effect when you  style for the other C-like modes.  (These settings are actually the
595  select one of the C-like major modes; thus, if you specify a new  defaults.)  This variable takes effect when you select one of the
596  default style for Java mode, you can make it take effect in an  C-like major modes; thus, if you specify a new default style for Java
597  existing Java mode buffer by typing @kbd{M-x java-mode} there.  mode, you can make it take effect in an existing Java mode buffer by
598    typing @kbd{M-x java-mode} there.
599    
600    The @code{gnu} style specifies the formatting recommended by the GNU    The @code{gnu} style specifies the formatting recommended by the GNU
601  Project for C; it is the default, so as to encourage use of our  Project for C; it is the default, so as to encourage use of our
# Line 712  at or after point and the mark. Line 718  at or after point and the mark.
718  use @kbd{C-M-@@} (@code{mark-sexp}), which sets mark at the same place  use @kbd{C-M-@@} (@code{mark-sexp}), which sets mark at the same place
719  that @kbd{C-M-f} would move to.  @kbd{C-M-@@} takes arguments like  that @kbd{C-M-f} would move to.  @kbd{C-M-@@} takes arguments like
720  @kbd{C-M-f}.  In particular, a negative argument is useful for putting  @kbd{C-M-f}.  In particular, a negative argument is useful for putting
721  the mark at the beginning of the previous balanced expression.  the mark at the beginning of the previous balanced expression.  The
722  The alias @kbd{C-M-@key{SPC}} is equivalent to @kbd{C-M-@@}.  alias @kbd{C-M-@key{SPC}} is equivalent to @kbd{C-M-@@}.  If you use
723    this command repeatedly, or in Transient Mark mode whenever the mark
724    is active, it extends the region by one sexp each time.
725    
726    In languages that use infix operators, such as C, it is not possible    In languages that use infix operators, such as C, it is not possible
727  to recognize all balanced expressions as such because there can be  to recognize all balanced expressions as such because there can be
# Line 1066  use in your program. Line 1074  use in your program.
1074  @kindex C-h S  @kindex C-h S
1075    For C, Lisp, and other languages that have documentation in Info,    For C, Lisp, and other languages that have documentation in Info,
1076  you can use @kbd{C-h S} (@code{info-lookup-symbol}) to view the Info  you can use @kbd{C-h S} (@code{info-lookup-symbol}) to view the Info
1077  documentation for a symbol.  You specify the symbol with the  documentation for a symbol used in the program.  You specify the
1078  minibuffer; the default is the symbol appearing in the buffer at  symbol with the minibuffer; the default is the symbol appearing in the
1079  point.  buffer at point.  For example, in C mode this looks for the symbol in
1080    the C Library Manual.
1081    
1082    The major mode determines where to look for documentation for the    The major mode determines where to look for documentation for the
1083  symbol---which Info files to look in, and which indices to search.  symbol---which Info files to look in, and which indices to search.
# Line 1316  symbol names. Line 1325  symbol names.
1325    The character @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} runs a command to complete the    The character @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} runs a command to complete the
1326  partial symbol before point against the set of meaningful symbol  partial symbol before point against the set of meaningful symbol
1327  names.  This command inserts at point any additional characters that  names.  This command inserts at point any additional characters that
1328  it can determine from the partial name.  it can determine from the partial name.  (If your window manager
1329    defines @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} to switch windows, you can type this Emacs
1330    command as @kbd{@key{ESC} @key{TAB}}.)
1331    
1332    If the partial name in the buffer has multiple possible completions    If the partial name in the buffer has multiple possible completions
1333  that differ in the very next character, so that it is impossible to  that differ in the very next character, so that it is impossible to
# Line 1513  With prefix argument @var{n}, move @var{ Line 1524  With prefix argument @var{n}, move @var{
1524    
1525    In C mode and related modes, certain printing characters are    In C mode and related modes, certain printing characters are
1526  ``electric''---in addition to inserting themselves, they also reindent  ``electric''---in addition to inserting themselves, they also reindent
1527  the current line and may insert newlines.  This feature is controlled by  the current line, and optionally also insert newlines.  The
1528  the variable @code{c-auto-newline}.  The ``electric'' characters are  ``electric'' characters are @kbd{@{}, @kbd{@}}, @kbd{:}, @kbd{#},
1529  @kbd{@{}, @kbd{@}}, @kbd{:}, @kbd{#}, @kbd{;}, @kbd{,}, @kbd{<},  @kbd{;}, @kbd{,}, @kbd{<}, @kbd{>}, @kbd{/}, @kbd{*}, @kbd{(}, and
1530  @kbd{>}, @kbd{/}, @kbd{*}, @kbd{(}, and @kbd{)}.  @kbd{)}.
1531    
1532    Electric characters insert newlines only when the @dfn{auto-newline}    Electric characters insert newlines only when the @dfn{auto-newline}
1533  feature is enabled (indicated by @samp{/a} in the mode line after the  feature is enabled (indicated by @samp{/a} in the mode line after the

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