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@c Insert "\input texinfo" at 1st line before texing this file alone. |
@c Insert "\input texinfo" at 1st line before texing this file alone. |
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@c -*-texinfo-*- |
@c -*-texinfo-*- |
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@c Copyright (C) 1995, 98, 99, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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@setfilename ../info/gnus-faq.info |
@setfilename gnus-faq.info |
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@c Frequently Asked Questions, FAQ - Introduction, Emacs for Heathens, Top |
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@node Frequently Asked Questions |
@node Frequently Asked Questions |
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@comment node-name, next, previous, up |
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@c @chapter Frequently Asked Questions |
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@section Frequently Asked Questions |
@section Frequently Asked Questions |
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@cindex FAQ |
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@cindex Frequently Asked Questions |
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This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. |
@c - Uncomment @chapter, comment @section |
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If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at |
@c - run (texinfo-every-node-update) |
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@file{http://www.ccs.neu.edu/software/gnus/}, and has |
@c - revert it. |
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probably been updated since you got this manual. |
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@menu |
@menu |
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* Installation FAQ:: Installation of Gnus. |
* FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ. |
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* Customization FAQ:: Customizing Gnus. |
* FAQ 1 - Installation:: Installation of Gnus. |
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* Reading News FAQ:: News Reading Questions. |
* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the first |
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* Reading Mail FAQ:: Mail Reading Questions. |
buffer Gnus shows you. |
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* FAQ 3 - Getting messages:: Making Gnus read your mail and news. |
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* FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read messages. |
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* FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet postings. |
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* FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving, searching |
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and deleting messages. |
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* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while offline. |
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* FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough. |
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* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster. |
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* FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ explained. |
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@end menu |
@end menu |
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@node Installation FAQ |
@subheading Abstract |
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This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. If you have a |
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Web browser, the official hypertext version is at |
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@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}, the Docbook source is available from |
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@uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/}. |
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Please submit features and suggestions to the |
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@email{faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org,FAQ discussion list}. |
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The list is protected against junk mail with |
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@uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html,qconfirm, qconfirm}. As |
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a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass. You can |
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also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to |
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@email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org} |
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and |
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@uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss,browse |
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the archive, browse the archive}. |
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@node FAQ - Introduction, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions, Frequently Asked Questions |
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@comment node-name, next, previous, up |
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@heading Introduction |
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This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. |
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Gnus is a Usenet Newsreader and Electronic Mail User Agent implemented |
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as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade |
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now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of |
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that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The |
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original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA. |
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When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and |
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decided to rewrite Gnus. |
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Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely |
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customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but |
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most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take |
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advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail |
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(you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read |
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high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read |
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high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you |
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want. |
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This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He |
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would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful |
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job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks, |
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Justin! |
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If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at:@* |
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@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}. |
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This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext |
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versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio |
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State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below |
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if you want information on obtaining it in another format. |
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The information contained here was compiled with the assistance |
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of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or |
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misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ - Introduction, Frequently Asked Questions |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsection Installation |
@subsection Installation |
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@itemize @bullet |
@menu |
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@item |
* [1.1]:: What is the latest version of Gnus? |
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Q1.1 What is the latest version of Gnus? |
* [1.2]:: What's new in 5.10.0? |
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* [1.3]:: Where and how to get Gnus? |
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* [1.4]:: What to do with the tarball now? |
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* [1.5]:: Which version of Emacs do I need? |
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* [1.6]:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs? |
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@end menu |
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The latest (and greatest) version is 5.0.10. You might also run |
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across something called @emph{September Gnus}. September Gnus |
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is the alpha version of the next major release of Gnus. It is currently |
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not stable enough to run unless you are prepared to debug lisp. |
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@item |
@ifnottex |
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Q1.2 Where do I get Gnus? |
@node [1.1], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 1 - Installation |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 1.1: |
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Any of the following locations: |
What is the latest version of Gnus? |
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@itemize @minus |
Answer: |
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@file{ftp://ftp.ifi.uio.no/pub/emacs/gnus/gnus.tar.gz} |
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@item |
Jingle please: Gnus 5.10.0 is released, get it while it's |
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@file{ftp://ftp.pilgrim.umass.edu/pub/misc/ding/} |
hot! As well as the step in version number is rather |
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small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you |
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shouldn't miss, however if you are cautious, you might |
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prefer to stay with 5.8.8 respectively 5.9 (they are |
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basically the same) until some bugfix releases are out. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [1.2], [1.3], [1.1], FAQ 1 - Installation |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 1.2: |
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@item |
What's new in 5.10.0? |
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@file{gopher://gopher.pilgrim.umass.edu/11/pub/misc/ding/} |
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@item |
Answer: |
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@file{ftp://aphrodite.nectar.cs.cmu.edu/pub/ding-gnus/} |
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@item |
First of all, you should have a look into the file |
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@file{ftp://ftp.solace.mh.se:/pub/gnu/elisp/} |
GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball, |
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there the most important changes are listed. Here's a |
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short list of the changes I find especially |
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important/interesting: |
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@end itemize |
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@itemize @bullet{} |
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@item |
@item |
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Q1.3 Which version of Emacs do I need? |
Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now |
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active by default. |
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@item |
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Many new article washing functions for dealing with |
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ugly formatted articles. |
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@item |
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Anti Spam features. |
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@item |
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message-utils now included in Gnus. |
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@item |
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New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for |
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a complex trn-style thread tree. |
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@end itemize |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [1.3], [1.4], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 1.3: |
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Where and how to get Gnus? |
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Answer: |
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The latest released version of Gnus isn't included in |
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Emacs 21 and until now it also isn't available through the |
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package system of XEmacs 21.4, therefor you should get the |
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Gnus tarball from |
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@uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz} |
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or via anonymous FTP from |
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@uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [1.4], [1.5], [1.3], FAQ 1 - Installation |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 1.4: |
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What to do with the tarball now? |
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Answer: |
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Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common |
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@samp{./configure; make; make install} circle. |
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(under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from |
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@uref{http://www.cygwin.com} |
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which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the |
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tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from |
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@uref{http://www.winace.com}) |
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and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install |
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Gnus. If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus |
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system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the |
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following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs: |
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At least GNU Emacs 19.28, or XEmacs 19.12 is recommended. GNU Emacs |
@example |
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19.25 has been reported to work under certain circumstances, but it |
(add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/gnus/lisp") |
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doesn't @emph{officially} work on it. 19.27 has also been reported to |
(if (featurep 'xemacs) |
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work. Gnus has been reported to work under OS/2 as well as Unix. |
(add-to-list 'Info-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/") |
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(add-to-list 'Info-default-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/")) |
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@end example |
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@noindent |
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Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff |
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before this line, on MS Windows use something like |
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"C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/"). |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [1.5], [1.6], [1.4], FAQ 1 - Installation |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 1.5: |
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Which version of Emacs do I need? |
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Answer: |
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Gnus 5.10.0 requires an Emacs version that is greater |
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than or equal to Emacs 20.7 or XEmacs 21.1. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [1.6], , [1.5], FAQ 1 - Installation |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 1.6: |
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How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs? |
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Answer: |
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You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp |
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files are byte-compiled to a format which is different |
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depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy |
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of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsection Startup / Group buffer |
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@item |
@menu |
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Q1.4 Where is timezone.el? |
* [2.1]:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message |
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"Gnus auto-save file exists. Do you want to read it?", |
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what does this mean and how to prevent it? |
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* [2.2]:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, what's this? |
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* [2.3]:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer? |
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* [2.4]:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to sort my |
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groups into categories so I can easier browse through them? |
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* [2.5]:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to sort the |
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groups in a topic? |
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@end menu |
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Upgrade to XEmacs 19.13. In earlier versions of XEmacs this file was |
@ifnottex |
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placed with Gnus 4.1.3, but that has been corrected. |
@node [2.1], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 2.1: |
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Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save |
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file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean |
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and how to prevent it? |
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Answer: |
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This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it |
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wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its |
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informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you |
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are now asked if you want to restore those informations |
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from the auto-save file. |
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To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus |
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via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of |
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just killing Emacs. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [2.2], [2.3], [2.1], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question: 2.2 |
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Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, |
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what's this? |
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Answer: |
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You get the message described in the q/a pair above while |
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starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same |
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problem, so read the answer above. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [2.3], [2.4], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 2.3: |
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How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer? |
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Answer: |
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You've got to tweak the value of the variable |
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gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line |
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Specification" for information on how to do this. An |
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example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)): |
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@example |
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@item |
(setq gnus-group-line-format "%P%M%S[%5t]%5y : %(%g%)\n") |
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Q1.5 When I run Gnus on XEmacs 19.13 I get weird error messages. |
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@end example |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [2.4], [2.5], [2.3], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 2.4: |
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My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to |
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sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse |
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through them? |
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Answer: |
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Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your |
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groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with |
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Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under |
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the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under |
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the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music. |
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To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now |
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you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic |
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at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to |
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a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the |
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menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the |
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beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have |
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the groups nicely indented. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [2.5], , [2.4], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 2.5: |
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How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to |
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sort the groups in a topic? |
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Answer: |
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Move point over the group you want to move and |
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hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the |
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place where you want the group to be and |
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hit @samp{C-y}. |
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@ifnottex |
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@node FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, Frequently Asked Questions |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsection Getting messages |
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You're running an old version of Gnus. Upgrade to at least version |
@menu |
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5.0.4. |
* [3.1]:: I just installed Gnus, started it via M-x gnus but it only says |
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"nntp (news) open error", what to do? |
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* [3.2]:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means. |
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* [3.3]:: My news server requires authentication, how to store user name |
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and password on disk? |
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* [3.4]:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to |
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subscribe to a group. |
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* [3.5]:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to |
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post on this server as well as I am, what's that? |
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* [3.6]:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible? |
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* [3.7]:: And how about local spool files? |
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* [3.8]:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail |
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with Gnus, too. How to do it? |
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* [3.9]:: And what about IMAP? |
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* [3.10]:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, |
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can I use Gnus to read my mail from it? |
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* [3.11]:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server |
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it retrieves via POP3? |
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@end menu |
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@ifnottex |
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@node [3.1], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
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@end ifnottex |
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@subsubheading Question 3.1: |
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|
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I just installed Gnus, started it via |
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@samp{M-x gnus} |
400 |
|
but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do? |
401 |
|
|
402 |
|
|
403 |
|
Answer: |
404 |
|
|
405 |
|
You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read |
406 |
|
the documentation for information on how to do this. As a |
407 |
|
first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus: |
408 |
|
|
409 |
|
|
410 |
@item |
@example |
411 |
Q1.6 How do I unsubscribe from the Mailing List? |
(setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.yourprovider.net")) |
412 |
|
(setq user-mail-address "you@@yourprovider.net") |
413 |
|
(setq user-full-name "Your Name") |
414 |
|
@end example |
415 |
|
|
416 |
|
@ifnottex |
417 |
|
@node [3.2], [3.3], [3.1], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
418 |
|
@end ifnottex |
419 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.2: |
420 |
|
|
421 |
|
I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means. |
422 |
|
|
423 |
|
|
424 |
|
Answer: |
425 |
|
|
426 |
|
The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look for the |
427 |
|
configuration files. However, you don't really need to know what this |
428 |
|
means, it suffices that Emacs knows what it means :-) You can type |
429 |
|
@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET } (yes, with the forward slash, even on |
430 |
|
Windows), and Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most |
431 |
|
likely be new, and thus empty.) However, I'd discourage you from |
432 |
|
doing so, since the directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be |
433 |
|
what you want, so let's do it the correct way. The first thing you've |
434 |
|
got to do is to create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory |
435 |
|
name please) e.g. @file{c:\myhome}. Then you must set the environment |
436 |
|
variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x or Me include |
437 |
|
the line |
438 |
|
|
439 |
|
|
440 |
Send an e-mail message to @file{ding-request@@ifi.uio.no} with the magic word |
@example |
|
@emph{unsubscribe} somewhere in it, and you will be removed. |
|
441 |
|
|
442 |
If you are reading the digest version of the list, send an e-mail message |
SET HOME=C:\myhome |
443 |
to @* |
|
444 |
@file{ding-rn-digests-d-request@@moe.shore.net} |
@end example |
|
with @emph{unsubscribe} as the subject and you will be removed. |
|
445 |
|
|
446 |
|
@noindent |
447 |
|
in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP, |
448 |
|
hit Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it |
449 |
|
doesn't work, go to Control Panel -> System). There you'll |
450 |
|
find the possibility to set environment variables, create |
451 |
|
a new one with name HOME and value @file{c:\myhome}, a reboot is |
452 |
|
not necessary. |
453 |
|
|
454 |
|
|
455 |
|
Now to create ~/.gnus, say |
456 |
|
@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET C-x C-s}. |
457 |
|
in Emacs. |
458 |
|
|
459 |
|
@ifnottex |
460 |
|
@node [3.3], [3.4], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
461 |
|
@end ifnottex |
462 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.3: |
463 |
|
|
464 |
|
My news server requires authentication, how to store |
465 |
|
user name and password on disk? |
466 |
|
|
467 |
|
|
468 |
@item |
Answer: |
|
Q1.7 How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs? |
|
469 |
|
|
470 |
The basic answer is to byte-compile under XEmacs, and then you can |
Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this |
471 |
run under either Emacsen. There is, however, a potential version |
|
|
problem with easymenu.el with Gnu Emacs prior to 19.29. |
|
|
|
|
|
Per Abrahamsen <abraham@@dina.kvl.dk> writes :@* |
|
|
The internal easymenu.el interface changed between 19.28 and 19.29 in |
|
|
order to make it possible to create byte compiled files that can be |
|
|
shared between Gnu Emacs and XEmacs. The change is upward |
|
|
compatible, but not downward compatible. |
|
|
This gives the following compatibility table: |
|
|
|
|
|
@example |
|
|
Compiled with: | Can be used with: |
|
|
----------------+-------------------------------------- |
|
|
19.28 | 19.28 19.29 |
|
|
19.29 | 19.29 XEmacs |
|
|
XEmacs | 19.29 XEmacs |
|
|
@end example |
|
|
|
|
|
If you have Gnu Emacs 19.28 or earlier, or XEmacs 19.12 or earlier, get |
|
|
a recent version of auc-menu.el from |
|
|
@file{ftp://ftp.iesd.auc.dk/pub/emacs-lisp/auc-menu.el}, and install it |
|
|
under the name easymenu.el somewhere early in your load path. |
|
472 |
|
|
473 |
|
@example |
474 |
|
machine news.yourprovider.net login YourUserName password YourPassword |
475 |
|
@end example |
476 |
|
|
477 |
@item |
@noindent |
478 |
Q1.8 What resources are available? |
. |
479 |
|
Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you |
480 |
|
work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix |
481 |
|
say |
482 |
|
|
483 |
There is the newsgroup Gnu.emacs.gnus. Discussion of Gnus 5.x is now |
@example |
484 |
taking place there. There is also a mailing list, send mail to |
chmod 600 ~/.authinfo |
485 |
@file{ding-request@@ifi.uio.no} with the magic word @emph{subscribe} |
@end example |
|
somewhere in it. |
|
486 |
|
|
487 |
@emph{NOTE:} the traffic on this list is heavy so you may not want to be |
@noindent |
488 |
on it (unless you use Gnus as your mailer reader, that is). The mailing |
in a shell.) |
489 |
list is mainly for developers and testers. |
|
490 |
|
@ifnottex |
491 |
|
@node [3.4], [3.5], [3.3], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
492 |
|
@end ifnottex |
493 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.4: |
494 |
|
|
495 |
|
Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to |
496 |
|
subscribe to a group. |
497 |
|
|
498 |
|
|
499 |
|
Answer: |
500 |
|
|
501 |
|
If you know the name of the group say @samp{U |
502 |
|
name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the |
503 |
|
tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer, |
504 |
|
this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the |
505 |
|
cursor) over the server which carries the group you want, |
506 |
|
hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group |
507 |
|
you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u} |
508 |
|
to subscribe to it. |
509 |
|
|
510 |
|
@ifnottex |
511 |
|
@node [3.5], [3.6], [3.4], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
512 |
|
@end ifnottex |
513 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.5: |
514 |
|
|
515 |
|
Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to |
516 |
|
post on this server as well as I am, what's that? |
517 |
|
|
518 |
|
|
519 |
|
Answer: |
520 |
|
|
521 |
|
Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full |
522 |
|
access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo |
523 |
|
to those servers append |
524 |
|
|
525 |
|
|
526 |
Gnus has a home World Wide Web page at@* |
@example |
527 |
@file{http://www.gnus.org/}. |
force yes |
528 |
|
@end example |
529 |
|
|
530 |
|
|
531 |
Gnus has a write up in the X Applications FAQ at@* |
@noindent |
532 |
@file{http://www.ee.ryerson.ca:8080/~elf/xapps/Q-III.html}. |
to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo. |
533 |
|
|
534 |
|
@ifnottex |
535 |
|
@node [3.6], [3.7], [3.5], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
536 |
|
@end ifnottex |
537 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.6: |
538 |
|
|
539 |
|
I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible? |
540 |
|
|
541 |
|
|
542 |
|
Answer: |
543 |
|
|
544 |
|
Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the |
545 |
|
variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like |
546 |
|
this in ~/.gnus: |
547 |
|
|
548 |
|
|
549 |
The Gnus manual is also available on the World Wide Web. The canonical |
@example |
550 |
source is in Norway at@* |
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods |
551 |
@file{http://www.gnus.org/manual/gnus_toc.html}. |
'(nntp "news.yourSecondProvider.net")) |
552 |
|
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods |
553 |
|
'(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net")) |
554 |
|
@end example |
555 |
|
|
556 |
|
@ifnottex |
557 |
|
@node [3.7], [3.8], [3.6], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
558 |
|
@end ifnottex |
559 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.7: |
560 |
|
|
561 |
|
And how about local spool files? |
562 |
|
|
563 |
|
|
564 |
|
Answer: |
565 |
|
|
566 |
|
No problem, this is just one more select method called |
567 |
|
nnspool, so you want this: |
568 |
|
|
569 |
|
|
570 |
There are three mirrors in the United States: |
@example |
571 |
@enumerate |
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnspool "")) |
572 |
@item |
@end example |
|
@file{http://www.miranova.com/gnus-man/} |
|
573 |
|
|
574 |
@item |
@noindent |
575 |
@file{http://www.pilgrim.umass.edu/pub/misc/ding/manual/gnus_toc.html} |
Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source: |
576 |
|
|
577 |
|
|
578 |
@item |
@example |
579 |
@file{http://www.rtd.com/~woo/gnus/} |
(setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool "")) |
580 |
|
@end example |
581 |
|
|
582 |
@end enumerate |
@noindent |
583 |
|
Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you |
584 |
|
want something different, change the line above to something like this: |
585 |
|
|
586 |
|
|
587 |
PostScript copies of the Gnus Reference card are available from@* |
@example |
588 |
@file{ftp://ftp.cs.ualberta.ca/pub/oolog/gnus/}. They are mirrored at@* |
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods |
589 |
@file{ftp://ftp.pilgrim.umass.edu/pub/misc/ding/refcard/} in the |
'(nnspool "" (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir"))) |
590 |
United States. And@* |
@end example |
|
@file{ftp://marvin.fkphy.uni-duesseldorf.de/pub/gnus/} |
|
|
in Germany. |
|
|
|
|
|
An online version of the Gnus FAQ is available at@* |
|
|
@file{http://www.miranova.com/~steve/gnus-faq.html}. Off-line formats |
|
|
are also available:@* |
|
|
ASCII: @file{ftp://ftp.miranova.com/pub/gnus/gnus-faq}@* |
|
|
PostScript: @file{ftp://ftp.miranova.com/pub/gnus/gnus-faq.ps}. |
|
591 |
|
|
592 |
|
@noindent |
593 |
|
This sets the spool directory for this server only. |
594 |
|
You might have to specify more stuff like the program used |
595 |
|
to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this. |
596 |
|
|
597 |
|
@ifnottex |
598 |
|
@node [3.8], [3.9], [3.7], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
599 |
|
@end ifnottex |
600 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.8: |
601 |
|
|
602 |
|
OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail |
603 |
|
with Gnus, too. How to do it? |
604 |
|
|
605 |
|
|
606 |
|
Answer: |
607 |
|
|
608 |
|
That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources |
609 |
|
for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many |
610 |
|
different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are |
611 |
|
these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and |
612 |
|
send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like |
613 |
|
fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from |
614 |
|
where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by |
615 |
|
Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even |
616 |
|
need a combination of the above cases. |
617 |
|
|
618 |
|
|
619 |
|
However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way |
620 |
|
it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end |
621 |
|
to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most |
622 |
|
commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file |
623 |
|
and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one |
624 |
|
file per group approach if your file system has problems with |
625 |
|
many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the |
626 |
|
choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus: |
627 |
|
|
628 |
|
|
629 |
@item |
@example |
630 |
Q1.9 Gnus hangs on connecting to NNTP server |
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnml "")) |
631 |
|
@end example |
632 |
|
|
633 |
I am running XEmacs on SunOS and Gnus prints a message about Connecting |
@noindent |
634 |
to NNTP server and then just hangs. |
As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's |
635 |
|
|
636 |
|
|
637 |
Ben Wing <wing@@netcom.com> writes :@* |
@example |
638 |
I wonder if you're hitting the infamous @emph{libresolv} problem. |
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnfolder "")) |
639 |
The basic problem is that under SunOS you can compile either |
@end example |
640 |
with DNS or NIS name lookup libraries but not both. Try |
|
|
substituting the IP address and see if that works; if so, you |
|
|
need to download the sources and recompile. |
|
641 |
|
|
642 |
|
Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If |
643 |
|
it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this: |
644 |
|
|
645 |
|
|
646 |
@item |
@example |
647 |
Q1.10 Mailcrypt 3.4 doesn't work |
(eval-after-load "mail-source" |
648 |
|
'(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(pop :server "pop.YourProvider.net" |
649 |
|
:user "yourUserName" |
650 |
|
:password "yourPassword"))) |
651 |
|
@end example |
652 |
|
|
653 |
This problem is verified to still exist in Gnus 5.0.9 and Mailcrypt 3.4. |
@noindent |
654 |
The answer comes from Peter Arius |
Make sure ~/.gnus isn't readable to others if you store |
655 |
<arius@@immd2.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>. |
your password there. If you want to read your mail from a |
656 |
|
traditional spool file on your local machine, it's |
657 |
I found out that mailcrypt uses |
|
|
@code{gnus-eval-in-buffer-window}, which is a macro. |
|
|
It seems as if you have |
|
|
compiled mailcrypt with plain old GNUS in load path, and the XEmacs byte |
|
|
compiler has inserted that macro definition into |
|
|
@file{mc-toplev.elc}. |
|
|
The solution is to recompile @file{mc-toplev.el} with Gnus 5 in |
|
|
load-path, and it works fine. |
|
|
|
|
|
Steve Baur <steve@@miranova.com> adds :@* |
|
|
The problem also manifests itself if neither GNUS 4 nor Gnus 5 is in the |
|
|
load-path. |
|
658 |
|
|
659 |
|
@example |
660 |
|
(eval-after-load "mail-source" |
661 |
|
'(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file"))) |
662 |
|
@end example |
663 |
|
|
664 |
@item |
@noindent |
665 |
Q1.11 What other packages work with Gnus? |
If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by |
666 |
|
postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's |
667 |
|
|
668 |
|
|
669 |
@itemize @minus |
@example |
670 |
@item |
(eval-after-load "mail-source" |
671 |
Mailcrypt. |
'(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(maildir :path "/path/to/Maildir/" |
672 |
|
:subdirs ("cur" "new"))) |
673 |
|
@end example |
674 |
|
|
675 |
Mailcrypt is an Emacs interface to PGP. It works, it installs |
@noindent |
676 |
without hassle, and integrates very easily. Mailcrypt can be |
And finally if you want to read your mail from several files |
677 |
obtained from@* |
in one directory, for example because procmail already split your |
678 |
@file{ftp://cag.lcs.mit.edu/pub/patl/mailcrypt-3.4.tar.gz}. |
mail, it's |
679 |
|
|
680 |
|
|
681 |
@item |
@example |
682 |
Tools for Mime. |
(eval-after-load "mail-source" |
683 |
|
'(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/" |
684 |
|
:suffix ".prcml")) |
685 |
|
@end example |
686 |
|
|
687 |
Tools for Mime is an Emacs MUA interface to MIME. Installation is |
@noindent |
688 |
a two-step process unlike most other packages, so you should |
Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the |
689 |
be prepared to move the byte-compiled code somewhere. There |
suffix .prcml. |
690 |
are currently two versions of this package available. It can |
|
691 |
be obtained from@* |
|
692 |
@file{ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/GNU/elisp/}. |
OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you |
693 |
Be sure to apply the supplied patch. It works with Gnus through |
want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing |
694 |
version 5.0.9. In order for all dependencies to work correctly |
the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do |
695 |
the load sequence is as follows: |
anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an |
696 |
@lisp |
SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus |
697 |
(load "tm-setup") |
|
|
(load "gnus") |
|
|
(load "mime-compose") |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
698 |
|
|
699 |
@emph{NOTE:} Loading the package disables citation highlighting by |
@example |
700 |
default. To get the old behavior back, use the @kbd{M-t} command. |
(setq send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it) |
701 |
|
(setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it) |
702 |
|
(setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server "smtp.yourProvider.net") |
703 |
|
@end example |
704 |
|
|
705 |
|
@ifnottex |
706 |
|
@node [3.9], [3.10], [3.8], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
707 |
|
@end ifnottex |
708 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.9: |
709 |
|
|
710 |
|
And what about IMAP? |
711 |
|
|
712 |
|
|
713 |
|
Answer: |
714 |
|
|
715 |
|
There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is |
716 |
|
to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from |
717 |
|
the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do |
718 |
|
this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to |
719 |
|
~/.gnus |
720 |
|
|
721 |
|
|
722 |
@end itemize |
@example |
723 |
|
(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com" |
724 |
|
:user "username" |
725 |
|
:pass "password" |
726 |
|
:stream network |
727 |
|
:authentication login |
728 |
|
:mailbox "INBOX" |
729 |
|
:fetchflag "\\Seen")) |
730 |
|
@end example |
731 |
|
|
732 |
@end itemize |
@noindent |
733 |
|
You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or |
734 |
|
authentification, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source |
735 |
|
Specifiers" for possible values. |
736 |
|
|
737 |
|
|
738 |
|
If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to |
739 |
|
follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap |
740 |
|
back end to your select method and give the information |
741 |
|
about the server there. |
742 |
|
|
743 |
|
|
744 |
|
@example |
745 |
|
(add-to-list |
746 |
|
'gnus-secondary-select-methods |
747 |
|
'(nnimap "Give the baby a name" |
748 |
|
(nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net") |
749 |
|
(nnimap-port 143) |
750 |
|
(nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*"))) |
751 |
|
@end example |
752 |
|
|
753 |
@node Customization FAQ |
@noindent |
754 |
@subsection Customization |
Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the |
755 |
|
server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual |
756 |
|
Node "IMAP" for detailed information. |
757 |
|
|
758 |
|
@ifnottex |
759 |
|
@node [3.10], [3.11], [3.9], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
760 |
|
@end ifnottex |
761 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.10: |
762 |
|
|
763 |
|
At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use |
764 |
|
Gnus to read my mail from it? |
765 |
|
|
766 |
|
|
767 |
|
Answer: |
768 |
|
|
769 |
|
Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for |
770 |
|
activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions |
771 |
|
above. |
772 |
|
|
773 |
|
@ifnottex |
774 |
|
@node [3.11], , [3.10], FAQ 3 - Getting messages |
775 |
|
@end ifnottex |
776 |
|
@subsubheading Question 3.11: |
777 |
|
|
778 |
|
Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it |
779 |
|
retrieves via POP3? |
780 |
|
|
781 |
|
|
782 |
|
Answer: |
783 |
|
|
784 |
|
First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work, |
785 |
|
if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP |
786 |
|
Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the |
787 |
|
server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you |
788 |
|
need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined |
789 |
|
functionality to do so. |
790 |
|
|
791 |
|
|
792 |
|
However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to |
793 |
|
achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external |
794 |
|
program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them |
795 |
|
on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you |
796 |
|
could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use |
797 |
|
Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server. |
798 |
|
|
799 |
|
|
800 |
|
The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus |
801 |
|
uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable |
802 |
|
of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get |
803 |
|
the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el, |
804 |
|
look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell |
805 |
|
Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For |
806 |
|
GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same |
807 |
|
(If you know the home of this file, please send me an |
808 |
|
e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program |
809 |
|
(e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node |
810 |
|
"Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do |
811 |
|
it. |
812 |
|
|
813 |
|
|
814 |
|
@ifnottex |
815 |
|
@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, Frequently Asked Questions |
816 |
|
@end ifnottex |
817 |
|
@subsection Reading messages |
818 |
|
|
819 |
@itemize @bullet |
@menu |
820 |
@item |
* [4.1]:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. |
821 |
Q2.1 Custom Edit does not work under XEmacs |
How to view them again? |
822 |
|
* [4.2]:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time |
823 |
|
I enter a group, even when it's read? |
824 |
|
* [4.3]:: How to view the headers of a message? |
825 |
|
* [4.4]:: How to view the raw unformatted message? |
826 |
|
* [4.5]:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at the |
827 |
|
top of the article buffer? |
828 |
|
* [4.6]:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the |
829 |
|
text part if it's available. How to do it? |
830 |
|
* [4.7]:: Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails? |
831 |
|
* [4.8]:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails |
832 |
|
more readable? |
833 |
|
* [4.9]:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific authors |
834 |
|
or with specific words in the subject? And can I highlight more |
835 |
|
interesting ones in some way? |
836 |
|
* [4.10]:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set |
837 |
|
other variables specific for some groups? |
838 |
|
* [4.11]:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to those? |
839 |
|
* [4.12]:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus displays in |
840 |
|
group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail groups. |
841 |
|
Is this a bug? |
842 |
|
* [4.13]:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, |
843 |
|
how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display? |
844 |
|
* [4.14]:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it? |
845 |
|
* [4.15]:: How to split incoming mails in several groups? |
846 |
|
@end menu |
847 |
|
|
848 |
The custom package has not been ported to XEmacs. |
@ifnottex |
849 |
|
@node [4.1], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
850 |
|
@end ifnottex |
851 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.1: |
852 |
|
|
853 |
|
When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again? |
854 |
|
|
855 |
|
|
856 |
|
Answer: |
857 |
|
|
858 |
|
If you enter the group by saying |
859 |
|
@samp{RET} |
860 |
|
in summary buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say |
861 |
|
@samp{C-u RET} |
862 |
|
instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say |
863 |
|
@samp{C-u 300 RET} |
864 |
|
|
865 |
|
|
866 |
|
Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say |
867 |
|
|
868 |
|
|
869 |
@item |
@example |
870 |
Q2.2 How do I quote messages? |
(setq gnus-fetch-old-headers 'some) |
871 |
|
@end example |
872 |
|
|
873 |
|
|
874 |
I see lots of messages with quoted material in them. I am wondering |
@noindent |
875 |
how to have Gnus do it for me. |
in ~/.gnus to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with t to load |
876 |
|
all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is |
877 |
|
fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group). |
878 |
|
|
879 |
|
|
880 |
|
If you already use Gnus 5.10.0, you can say |
881 |
|
@samp{/o N} |
882 |
|
In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8 |
883 |
|
|
884 |
|
|
885 |
|
If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading, |
886 |
|
you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread |
887 |
|
the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend. |
888 |
|
|
889 |
|
@ifnottex |
890 |
|
@node [4.2], [4.3], [4.1], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
891 |
|
@end ifnottex |
892 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.2: |
893 |
|
|
894 |
|
How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I |
895 |
|
enter a group, even when it's read? |
896 |
|
|
897 |
|
|
898 |
|
Answer: |
899 |
|
|
900 |
|
You can tick important messages. To do this hit |
901 |
|
@samp{u} while point is in summary buffer |
902 |
|
over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit |
903 |
|
either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick |
904 |
|
mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c} |
905 |
|
(which deletes all marks for the message). |
906 |
|
|
907 |
|
@ifnottex |
908 |
|
@node [4.3], [4.4], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
909 |
|
@end ifnottex |
910 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.3: |
911 |
|
|
912 |
|
How to view the headers of a message? |
913 |
|
|
914 |
|
|
915 |
|
Answer: |
916 |
|
|
917 |
|
Say @samp{t} |
918 |
|
to show all headers, one more |
919 |
|
@samp{t} |
920 |
|
hides them again. |
921 |
|
|
922 |
|
@ifnottex |
923 |
|
@node [4.4], [4.5], [4.3], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
924 |
|
@end ifnottex |
925 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.4: |
926 |
|
|
927 |
|
How to view the raw unformatted message? |
928 |
|
|
929 |
|
|
930 |
|
Answer: |
931 |
|
|
932 |
|
Say |
933 |
|
@samp{C-u g} |
934 |
|
to show the raw message |
935 |
|
@samp{g} |
936 |
|
returns to normal view. |
937 |
|
|
938 |
|
@ifnottex |
939 |
|
@node [4.5], [4.6], [4.4], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
940 |
|
@end ifnottex |
941 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.5: |
942 |
|
|
943 |
|
How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at |
944 |
|
the top of the article buffer? |
945 |
|
|
946 |
|
|
947 |
|
Answer: |
948 |
|
|
949 |
|
The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers |
950 |
|
are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines |
951 |
|
which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject, |
952 |
|
date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA |
953 |
|
say this in ~/.gnus: |
954 |
|
|
955 |
|
@example |
956 |
|
(setq gnus-visible-headers |
957 |
|
"^\\(From:\\|Subject:\\|Date:\\|Followup-To:\ |
958 |
|
\\|X-Newsreader:\\|User-Agent:\\|X-Mailer:\\)") |
959 |
|
@end example |
960 |
|
|
961 |
|
@ifnottex |
962 |
|
@node [4.6], [4.7], [4.5], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
963 |
|
@end ifnottex |
964 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.6: |
965 |
|
|
966 |
|
I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the |
967 |
|
text part if it's available. How to do it? |
968 |
|
|
969 |
|
|
970 |
This is Gnus, so there are a number of ways of doing this. You can use |
Answer: |
|
the built-in commands to do this. There are the @kbd{F} and @kbd{R} |
|
|
keys from the summary buffer which automatically include the article |
|
|
being responded to. These commands are also selectable as @i{Followup |
|
|
and Yank} and @i{Reply and Yank} in the Post menu. |
|
|
|
|
|
@kbd{C-c C-y} grabs the previous message and prefixes each line with |
|
|
@code{ail-indentation-spaces} spaces or @code{mail-yank-prefix} if that is |
|
|
non-nil, unless you have set your own @code{mail-citation-hook}, which will |
|
|
be called to do the job. |
|
|
|
|
|
You might also consider the Supercite package, which allows for pretty |
|
|
arbitrarily complex quoting styles. Some people love it, some people |
|
|
hate it. |
|
971 |
|
|
972 |
|
Say |
973 |
|
|
974 |
|
|
975 |
@item |
@example |
976 |
Q2.3 How can I keep my nnvirtual:* groups sorted? |
(eval-after-load "mm-decode" |
977 |
|
'(progn |
978 |
|
(add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/html") |
979 |
|
(add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/richtext"))) |
980 |
|
@end example |
981 |
|
|
982 |
How can I most efficiently arrange matters so as to keep my nnvirtual:* |
@noindent |
983 |
(etc) groups at the top of my group selection buffer, whilst keeping |
in ~/.gnus. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add |
984 |
everything sorted in alphabetical order. |
|
|
|
|
|
If you don't subscribe often to new groups then the easiest way is to |
|
|
first sort the groups and then manually kill and yank the virtuals |
|
|
wherever you want them. |
|
985 |
|
|
986 |
|
@example |
987 |
|
(setq mm-automatic-display (remove "text/html" mm-automatic-display)) |
988 |
|
@end example |
989 |
|
|
990 |
@item |
@noindent |
991 |
Q2.4 Any good suggestions on stuff for an all.SCORE file? |
too. |
992 |
|
|
993 |
|
@ifnottex |
994 |
|
@node [4.7], [4.8], [4.6], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
995 |
|
@end ifnottex |
996 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.7: |
997 |
|
|
998 |
|
Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails? |
999 |
|
|
1000 |
|
|
1001 |
|
Answer: |
1002 |
|
|
1003 |
|
Only if you use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger. In this case you've got the |
1004 |
|
choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which |
1005 |
|
one is used can be specified in the variable |
1006 |
|
mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your |
1007 |
|
mail say |
1008 |
|
|
1009 |
|
|
1010 |
Here is a collection of suggestions from the Gnus mailing list. |
@example |
1011 |
|
(setq mm-text-html-renderer 'links) |
1012 |
|
@end example |
1013 |
|
|
1014 |
|
@ifnottex |
1015 |
|
@node [4.8], [4.9], [4.7], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
1016 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1017 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.8: |
1018 |
|
|
1019 |
|
Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails |
1020 |
|
more readable? |
1021 |
|
|
1022 |
|
|
1023 |
|
Answer: |
1024 |
|
|
1025 |
|
Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail, |
1026 |
|
you can find them if you browse through the menu, item Article->Washing. The most |
1027 |
|
interesting ones are probably "Wrap long lines" ( |
1028 |
|
@samp{W w} |
1029 |
|
), "Decode ROT13" ( |
1030 |
|
@samp{W r} |
1031 |
|
) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs the dumb quoting used |
1032 |
|
by many users of Microsoft products ( |
1033 |
|
@samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify. |
1034 |
|
See @samp{W Y C-h} or |
1035 |
|
have a look at the menus for other deuglifications). |
1036 |
|
Outlook deuglify is only available since Gnus 5.10.0. |
1037 |
|
|
1038 |
|
@ifnottex |
1039 |
|
@node [4.9], [4.10], [4.8], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
1040 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1041 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.9: |
1042 |
|
|
1043 |
|
Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific |
1044 |
|
authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I |
1045 |
|
highlight more interesting ones in some way? |
1046 |
|
|
1047 |
|
|
1048 |
|
Answer: |
1049 |
|
|
1050 |
|
You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules |
1051 |
|
which assign each message an integer value. Depending on |
1052 |
|
the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if |
1053 |
|
it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the |
1054 |
|
value is low, say -800) or some other action happens. |
1055 |
|
|
1056 |
|
|
1057 |
|
There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign |
1058 |
|
the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set |
1059 |
|
up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're |
1060 |
|
reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want |
1061 |
|
to ignore his messages in the future. Hit |
1062 |
|
@samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score. |
1063 |
|
Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall |
1064 |
|
be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities, |
1065 |
|
we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from |
1066 |
|
header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want. |
1067 |
|
Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or |
1068 |
|
@samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards |
1069 |
|
everything but the name to score down all authors with the given |
1070 |
|
name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell |
1071 |
|
Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g. |
1072 |
|
@samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last |
1073 |
|
forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say |
1074 |
|
@samp{I} instead of @samp{L}. |
1075 |
|
|
1076 |
|
|
1077 |
|
You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V |
1078 |
|
f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name |
1079 |
|
of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in |
1080 |
|
only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the |
1081 |
|
Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list |
1082 |
|
whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists |
1083 |
|
is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match, |
1084 |
|
which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the |
1085 |
|
matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the |
1086 |
|
following to your all.Score: |
1087 |
|
|
1088 |
|
|
1089 |
@enumerate |
@example |
1090 |
@item |
(("references" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 500 nil s)) |
1091 |
From ``Dave Disser'' <disser@@sdd.hp.com>@* |
("message-id" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 999 nil s))) |
1092 |
I like blasting anything without lowercase letters. Weeds out most of |
@end example |
|
the make $$ fast, as well as the lame titles like ``IBM'' and ``HP-UX'' |
|
|
with no further description. |
|
|
@lisp |
|
|
(("Subject" |
|
|
("^\\(Re: \\)?[^a-z]*$" -200 nil R))) |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
1093 |
|
|
1094 |
@item |
@noindent |
1095 |
From ``Peter Arius'' <arius@@immd2.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>@* |
This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me |
1096 |
The most vital entries in my (still young) all.SCORE: |
and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly |
1097 |
@lisp |
indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course |
1098 |
(("xref" |
nobody with a sane mind would do this :-) |
1099 |
("alt.fan.oj-simpson" -1000 nil s)) |
|
1100 |
("subject" |
|
1101 |
(concat "\\<\\(make\\|fast\\|big\\)\\s-*" |
The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus |
1102 |
"\\(money\\|cash\\|bucks?\\)\\>" |
watches you and tries to find out what you find |
1103 |
-1000 nil r) |
interesting and what annoying and sets up rules |
1104 |
("$$$$" -1000 nil s))) |
which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help |
1105 |
@end lisp |
when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate |
1106 |
|
adaptive scoring say |
1107 |
|
|
1108 |
|
|
1109 |
@item |
@example |
1110 |
From ``Per Abrahamsen'' <abraham@@dina.kvl.dk>@* |
(setq gnus-use-adaptive-scoring t) |
1111 |
@lisp |
@end example |
|
(("subject" |
|
|
;; CAPS OF THE WORLD, UNITE |
|
|
("^..[^a-z]+$" -1 nil R) |
|
|
;; $$$ Make Money $$$ (Try work) |
|
|
("$" -1 nil s) |
|
|
;; I'm important! And I have exclamation marks to prove it! |
|
|
("!" -1 nil s))) |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
1112 |
|
|
1113 |
@item |
@noindent |
1114 |
From ``heddy boubaker'' <boubaker@@cenatls.cena.dgac.fr>@* |
in ~/.gnus. |
1115 |
I would like to contribute with mine. |
|
1116 |
@lisp |
@ifnottex |
1117 |
( |
@node [4.10], [4.11], [4.9], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
1118 |
(read-only t) |
@end ifnottex |
1119 |
("subject" |
@subsubheading Question 4.10: |
1120 |
;; ALL CAPS SUBJECTS |
|
1121 |
("^\\([Rr][Ee]: +\\)?[^a-z]+$" -1 nil R) |
How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or |
1122 |
;; $$$ Make Money $$$ |
set other variables specific for some groups? |
1123 |
("$$" -10 nil s) |
|
1124 |
;; Empty subjects are worthless! |
|
1125 |
("^ *\\([(<]none[>)]\\|(no subject\\( given\\)?)\\)? *$" |
Answer: |
1126 |
-10 nil r) |
|
1127 |
;; Sometimes interesting announces occur! |
While in group buffer move point over the group and hit |
1128 |
("ANN?OU?NC\\(E\\|ING\\)" +10 nil r) |
@samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you |
1129 |
;; Some people think they're on mailing lists |
can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer |
1130 |
("\\(un\\)?sub?scribe" -100 nil r) |
you'll find an item that allows you to set variables |
1131 |
;; Stop Micro$oft NOW!! |
locally for the group. To disable threading enter |
1132 |
;; ("concat" used to avoid overfull box.) |
gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as |
1133 |
(concat "\\(m\\(icro\\)?[s$]\\(oft\\|lot\\)?-?\\)?" |
value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when |
1134 |
"wind?\\(ows\\|aube\\|oze\\)?[- ]*" |
you're ready. |
1135 |
"\\('?95\\|NT\\|3[.]1\\|32\\)" -1001 nil r) |
|
1136 |
;; I've nothing to buy |
@ifnottex |
1137 |
("\\(for\\|4\\)[- ]*sale" -100 nil r) |
@node [4.11], [4.12], [4.10], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
1138 |
;; SELF-DISCIPLINED people |
@end ifnottex |
1139 |
("\\[[^a-z0-9 \t\n][^a-z0-9 \t\n]\\]" +100 nil r) |
@subsubheading Question 4.11: |
1140 |
) |
|
1141 |
("from" |
Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to |
1142 |
;; To keep track of posters from my site |
those? |
1143 |
(".dgac.fr" +1000 nil s)) |
|
1144 |
("followup" |
|
1145 |
;; Keep track of answers to my posts |
Answer: |
1146 |
("boubaker" +1000 nil s)) |
|
1147 |
("lines" |
Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes |
1148 |
;; Some people have really nothing to say!! |
in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we |
1149 |
(1 -10 nil <=)) |
make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look |
1150 |
(mark -100) |
like) for those postings, then we'll give them some |
1151 |
(expunge -1000) |
special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new |
1152 |
) |
faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on |
1153 |
@end lisp |
@uref{http://my.gnus.org/Members/dzimmerm/HowTo%2C2002-07-25%2C1027619165012198456/view,my.gnus.org} |
1154 |
|
|
1155 |
|
@ifnottex |
1156 |
|
@node [4.12], [4.13], [4.11], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
1157 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1158 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.12: |
1159 |
|
|
1160 |
|
The number of total messages in a group which Gnus |
1161 |
|
displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in |
1162 |
|
mail groups. Is this a bug? |
1163 |
|
|
1164 |
|
|
1165 |
|
Answer: |
1166 |
|
|
1167 |
|
No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would |
1168 |
|
mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus' |
1169 |
|
back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number - |
1170 |
|
lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This |
1171 |
|
works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move |
1172 |
|
many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the |
1173 |
|
symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET} |
1174 |
|
(this makes Gnus get all messages), then |
1175 |
|
hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and |
1176 |
|
then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move |
1177 |
|
all messages to the group they have been in before, they |
1178 |
|
get new message numbers in this process and the count is |
1179 |
|
right again (until you delete and move your mail to other |
1180 |
|
groups again). |
1181 |
|
|
1182 |
|
@ifnottex |
1183 |
|
@node [4.13], [4.14], [4.12], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
1184 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1185 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.13: |
1186 |
|
|
1187 |
|
I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how |
1188 |
|
to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display? |
1189 |
|
|
1190 |
|
|
1191 |
|
Answer: |
1192 |
|
|
1193 |
|
You can control the windows configuration by calling the |
1194 |
|
function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit |
1195 |
|
complicated but explained very well in the manual node |
1196 |
|
"Window Layout". Some popular examples: |
1197 |
|
|
1198 |
|
|
1199 |
|
Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65% |
1200 |
|
article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining |
1201 |
|
space"): |
1202 |
|
|
1203 |
|
|
1204 |
@item |
@example |
1205 |
From ``Christopher Jones'' <cjones@@au.oracle.com>@* |
(gnus-add-configuration |
1206 |
The sample @file{all.SCORE} files from Per and boubaker could be |
'(article (vertical 1.0 |
1207 |
augmented with: |
(summary .35 point) |
1208 |
@lisp |
(article 1.0)))) |
1209 |
(("subject" |
@end example |
1210 |
;; No junk mail please! |
|
|
("please ignore" -500 nil s) |
|
|
("test" -500 nil e)) |
|
|
) |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
1211 |
|
|
1212 |
@item |
A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary |
1213 |
From ``Brian Edmonds'' <edmonds@@cs.ubc.ca>@* |
buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right: |
1214 |
Augment any of the above with a fast method of scoring down |
|
|
excessively cross posted articles. |
|
|
@lisp |
|
|
("xref" |
|
|
;; the more cross posting, the exponentially worse the article |
|
|
("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -1 nil r) |
|
|
("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -2 nil r) |
|
|
("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -4 nil r) |
|
|
("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -8 nil r) |
|
|
("^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" |
|
|
-16 nil r) |
|
|
(concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" |
|
|
" \\S-+ \\S-+" |
|
|
-32 nil r) |
|
|
(concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" |
|
|
" \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -64 nil r) |
|
|
(concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" |
|
|
" \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -128 nil r) |
|
|
(concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" |
|
|
" \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -256 nil r) |
|
|
(concat "^xref: \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" |
|
|
" \\S-+" \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+ \\S-+" -512 nil r)) |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
1215 |
|
|
1216 |
@end enumerate |
@example |
1217 |
|
(gnus-add-configuration |
1218 |
|
'(article |
1219 |
|
(horizontal 1.0 |
1220 |
|
(vertical 25 |
1221 |
|
(group 1.0)) |
1222 |
|
(vertical 1.0 |
1223 |
|
(summary 0.25 point) |
1224 |
|
(article 1.0))))) |
1225 |
|
(gnus-add-configuration |
1226 |
|
'(summary |
1227 |
|
(horizontal 1.0 |
1228 |
|
(vertical 25 |
1229 |
|
(group 1.0)) |
1230 |
|
(vertical 1.0 |
1231 |
|
(summary 1.0 point))))) |
1232 |
|
@end example |
1233 |
|
|
1234 |
|
@ifnottex |
1235 |
|
@node [4.14], [4.15], [4.13], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
1236 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1237 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.14: |
1238 |
|
|
1239 |
|
I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it? |
1240 |
|
|
1241 |
|
|
1242 |
|
Answer: |
1243 |
|
|
1244 |
|
You've got to play around with the variable |
1245 |
|
gnus-summary-line-format. It's value is a string of |
1246 |
|
symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject |
1247 |
|
etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the |
1248 |
|
manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten |
1249 |
|
node "Formatting Variables" and it's sub-nodes. There |
1250 |
|
you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and |
1251 |
|
tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but |
1252 |
|
sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8. |
1253 |
|
|
1254 |
|
|
1255 |
|
Since 5.10.0, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers, |
1256 |
|
e.g. %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which |
1257 |
|
gives you a date where the details are dependent of the |
1258 |
|
articles age. Here's an example which uses both: |
1259 |
|
|
1260 |
|
|
1261 |
|
@example |
1262 |
|
(setq gnus-summary-line-format |
1263 |
|
":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n") |
1264 |
|
@end example |
1265 |
|
|
1266 |
@item |
@noindent |
1267 |
Q2.5 What do I use to yank-through when replying? |
resulting in: |
1268 |
|
|
1269 |
|
|
1270 |
|
@smallexample |
1271 |
|
:O Re: [Richard Stallman] rfc2047.el | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:06 |
1272 |
|
:O Re: Revival of the ding-patches list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:12 |
1273 |
|
:R > Re: Find correct list of articles for a gro| 25 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:16 |
1274 |
|
:O \-> ... | 21 |Kai Grossjohann | 0:01 |
1275 |
|
:R > Re: Cry for help: deuglify.el - moving stuf| 28 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:34 |
1276 |
|
:O \-> ... | 115 |Raymond Scholz | 1:24 |
1277 |
|
:O \-> ... | 19 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |15:33 |
1278 |
|
:O Slow mailing list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:49 |
1279 |
|
:O Re: `@@' mark not documented | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:50 |
1280 |
|
:R > Re: Gnus still doesn't count messages prope| 23 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:57 |
1281 |
|
:O \-> ... | 18 |Kai Grossjohann | 0:35 |
1282 |
|
:O \-> ... | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt | 0:56 |
1283 |
|
@end smallexample |
1284 |
|
|
1285 |
|
@ifnottex |
1286 |
|
@node [4.15], , [4.14], FAQ 4 - Reading messages |
1287 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1288 |
|
@subsubheading Question 4.15: |
1289 |
|
|
1290 |
|
How to split incoming mails in several groups? |
1291 |
|
|
1292 |
|
|
1293 |
|
Answer: |
1294 |
|
|
1295 |
|
Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy |
1296 |
|
nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail |
1297 |
|
Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to |
1298 |
|
the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter. |
1299 |
|
|
1300 |
|
|
1301 |
|
The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element |
1302 |
|
is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has |
1303 |
|
the form "group where matching articles should go to", |
1304 |
|
"regular expression which has to be matched", the first |
1305 |
|
rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a |
1306 |
|
general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where |
1307 |
|
articles should go which don't match any other rule. If |
1308 |
|
the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon |
1309 |
|
as an article lands there. By default the mail will be |
1310 |
|
send to all groups whose rules match. If you |
1311 |
|
don't want that (you probably don't want), say |
1312 |
|
|
1313 |
|
|
1314 |
|
@example |
1315 |
|
(setq nnmail-crosspost nil) |
1316 |
|
@end example |
1317 |
|
|
1318 |
You should probably reply and followup with @kbd{R} and @kbd{F}, instead |
@noindent |
1319 |
of @kbd{r} and @kbd{f}, which solves your problem. But you could try |
in ~/.gnus. |
1320 |
something like: |
|
1321 |
|
|
1322 |
|
An example might be better than thousand words, so here's |
1323 |
|
my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a |
1324 |
|
special group and that the default group is spam, since I |
1325 |
|
filter all mails out which are from some list I'm |
1326 |
|
subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me |
1327 |
|
before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which |
1328 |
|
reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers |
1329 |
|
from using them): |
1330 |
|
|
1331 |
|
|
1332 |
@example |
@example |
1333 |
(defconst mail-yank-ignored-headers |
(setq nnmail-split-methods |
1334 |
"^.*:" |
'(("duplicates" "^Gnus-Warning:.*duplicate") |
1335 |
"Delete these headers from message when it's inserted in reply.") |
("XEmacs-NT" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@xemacs.bla.*") |
1336 |
|
("Gnus-Tut" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@socha.bla.*") |
1337 |
|
("tcsh" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@mx.gw.bla.*") |
1338 |
|
("BAfH" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@.*uni-muenchen.bla.*") |
1339 |
|
("Hamster-src" |
1340 |
|
"^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*") |
1341 |
|
("Tagesschau" "^From: tagesschau <localpart@@www.tagesschau.bla>$") |
1342 |
|
("Replies" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@Frank-Schmitt.bla.*") |
1343 |
|
("EK" |
1344 |
|
"^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.bla\\|localpart@@workplace.bla\\).*") |
1345 |
|
("Spam" |
1346 |
|
"^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*") |
1347 |
|
("Spam" |
1348 |
|
"^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*") |
1349 |
|
("Spam" |
1350 |
|
"^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*") |
1351 |
|
("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*BulkMailer.*\\|.*MIME::Lite.*\\|\\)") |
1352 |
|
("Spam" |
1353 |
|
"^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)") |
1354 |
|
("Spam" |
1355 |
|
"^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*") |
1356 |
|
("Spam" "^Delivered-To: GMX delivery to spamtrap@@gmx.bla$") |
1357 |
|
("Spam" "^Received: from link2buy.com") |
1358 |
|
("Spam" "^CC: .*azzrael@@t-online.bla") |
1359 |
|
("Spam" "^X-Mailer-Version: 1.50 BETA") |
1360 |
|
("Uni" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@uni-koblenz.bla.*") |
1361 |
|
("Inbox" |
1362 |
|
"^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.bla\\|adress@@two.bla\\)") |
1363 |
|
("Spam" ""))) |
1364 |
@end example |
@end example |
1365 |
|
|
1366 |
|
|
1367 |
|
@ifnottex |
1368 |
|
@node FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, Frequently Asked Questions |
1369 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1370 |
|
@subsection Composing messages |
1371 |
|
|
1372 |
@item |
@menu |
1373 |
Q2.6 I don't like the default WWW browser |
* [5.1]:: What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and |
1374 |
|
postings? |
1375 |
|
* [5.2]:: How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages? |
1376 |
|
* [5.3]:: How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...? |
1377 |
|
* [5.4]:: Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the |
1378 |
|
group I post too? |
1379 |
|
* [5.5]:: Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking? |
1380 |
|
* [5.6]:: Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to? |
1381 |
|
* [5.7]:: Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember all |
1382 |
|
those email addresses? |
1383 |
|
* [5.8]:: Sometimes I see little images at the top of article buffer. |
1384 |
|
What's that and how can I send one with my postings, too? |
1385 |
|
* [5.9]:: Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in newsgroups. |
1386 |
|
Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in newsgroups? |
1387 |
|
* [5.10]:: How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header? |
1388 |
|
* [5.11]:: I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and news, |
1389 |
|
how to do it? |
1390 |
|
* [5.12]:: People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, |
1391 |
|
why aren't they and how to fix it? |
1392 |
|
@end menu |
1393 |
|
|
1394 |
Now when choosing an URL Gnus starts up a W3 buffer, I would like it |
@ifnottex |
1395 |
to always use Netscape (I don't browse in text-mode ;-). |
@node [5.1], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1396 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1397 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.1: |
1398 |
|
|
1399 |
|
What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings? |
1400 |
|
|
1401 |
|
|
1402 |
|
Answer: |
1403 |
|
|
1404 |
|
To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m} |
1405 |
|
either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's |
1406 |
|
either @samp{a} in Group buffer and |
1407 |
|
filling the Newsgroups header manually |
1408 |
|
or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the |
1409 |
|
group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail |
1410 |
|
is |
1411 |
|
@samp{r} if you don't want to cite the |
1412 |
|
author, or import the cited text manually and |
1413 |
|
@samp{R} to cite the text of the original |
1414 |
|
message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's |
1415 |
|
@samp{f} and @samp{F} |
1416 |
|
(analog to @samp{r} and |
1417 |
|
@samp{R}. |
1418 |
|
|
1419 |
|
|
1420 |
|
Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows |
1421 |
|
this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready |
1422 |
|
hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message, |
1423 |
|
if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c |
1424 |
|
C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you |
1425 |
|
can start editing it again by saying @samp{D |
1426 |
|
e}. |
1427 |
|
|
1428 |
|
@ifnottex |
1429 |
|
@node [5.2], [5.3], [5.1], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1430 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1431 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.2: |
1432 |
|
|
1433 |
@enumerate |
How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages? |
1434 |
@item |
|
|
Activate `Customize...' from the `Help' menu. |
|
1435 |
|
|
1436 |
@item |
Answer: |
|
Scroll down to the `WWW Browser' field. |
|
1437 |
|
|
1438 |
@item |
Say |
1439 |
Click `mouse-2' on `WWW Browser'. |
|
1440 |
|
|
1441 |
@item |
@example |
1442 |
Select `Netscape' from the pop up menu. |
(add-hook 'message-mode-hook |
1443 |
|
(lambda () |
1444 |
|
(setq fill-column 72) |
1445 |
|
(turn-on-auto-fill))) |
1446 |
|
@end example |
1447 |
|
|
1448 |
@item |
@noindent |
1449 |
Press `C-c C-c' |
in ~/.gnus. You can reformat a paragraph by hitting |
1450 |
|
@samp{M-q} (as usual) |
1451 |
|
|
1452 |
|
@ifnottex |
1453 |
|
@node [5.3], [5.4], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1454 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1455 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.3: |
1456 |
|
|
1457 |
|
How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...? |
1458 |
|
|
1459 |
|
|
1460 |
|
Answer: |
1461 |
|
|
1462 |
|
There are other ways, but you should use posting styles |
1463 |
|
for this. (See below why). |
1464 |
|
This example should make the syntax clear: |
1465 |
|
|
1466 |
|
|
1467 |
@end enumerate |
@example |
1468 |
|
(setq gnus-posting-styles |
1469 |
|
'((".*" |
1470 |
|
(name "Frank Schmitt") |
1471 |
|
(address "me@@there.bla") |
1472 |
|
(organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi") |
1473 |
|
(signature-file "~/.signature") |
1474 |
|
("X-SampleHeader" "foobar") |
1475 |
|
(eval (setq some-variable "Foo bar"))))) |
1476 |
|
@end example |
1477 |
|
|
1478 |
|
@noindent |
1479 |
|
The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones |
1480 |
|
(see below), valid values for the first element of the |
1481 |
|
following lists are signature, signature-file, |
1482 |
|
organization, address, name or body. The attribute name |
1483 |
|
can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as |
1484 |
|
a header name, and the value will be inserted in the |
1485 |
|
headers of the article; if the value is `nil', the header |
1486 |
|
name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)), |
1487 |
|
then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar |
1488 |
|
and the result will be thrown away. |
1489 |
|
|
1490 |
|
@ifnottex |
1491 |
|
@node [5.4], [5.5], [5.3], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1492 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1493 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.4: |
1494 |
|
|
1495 |
|
Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post too? |
1496 |
|
|
1497 |
|
|
1498 |
|
Answer: |
1499 |
|
|
1500 |
|
That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*" |
1501 |
|
to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp |
1502 |
|
like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied |
1503 |
|
to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use |
1504 |
|
".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings |
1505 |
|
send to groups containing the string binaries in their |
1506 |
|
name etc. |
1507 |
|
|
1508 |
|
|
1509 |
|
You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function |
1510 |
|
which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the |
1511 |
|
corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting |
1512 |
|
candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if |
1513 |
|
the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding |
1514 |
|
message-mail-p. |
1515 |
|
|
1516 |
|
|
1517 |
|
Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in |
1518 |
|
the example below, when I post to |
1519 |
|
gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under |
1520 |
|
".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and |
1521 |
|
those under "^gmane" and those under |
1522 |
|
"^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because |
1523 |
|
of this put general settings at the top and specific ones |
1524 |
|
at the bottom. |
1525 |
|
|
1526 |
|
|
1527 |
If you are using XEmacs then to specify Netscape do |
@example |
1528 |
@lisp |
(setq gnus-posting-styles |
1529 |
(setq gnus-button-url 'gnus-netscape-open-url) |
'((".*" ;;default |
1530 |
@end lisp |
(name "Frank Schmitt") |
1531 |
|
(organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi") |
1532 |
|
(signature-file "~/.signature")) |
1533 |
|
((message-news-p) ;;Usenet news? |
1534 |
|
(address "mySpamTrap@@Frank-Schmitt.bla") |
1535 |
|
("Reply-To" "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")) |
1536 |
|
((message-mail-p) ;;mail? |
1537 |
|
(address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")) |
1538 |
|
("^gmane" ;;this is mail, too in fact |
1539 |
|
(address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.net") |
1540 |
|
("Reply-To" nil)) |
1541 |
|
("^gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general$" |
1542 |
|
(eval (setq mail-envelope-from "Azzrael@@rz-online.de")) |
1543 |
|
(address "Azzrael@@rz-online.de")))) |
1544 |
|
@end example |
1545 |
|
|
1546 |
|
@ifnottex |
1547 |
|
@node [5.5], [5.6], [5.4], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1548 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1549 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.5: |
1550 |
|
|
1551 |
|
Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking? |
1552 |
|
|
1553 |
|
|
1554 |
|
Answer: |
1555 |
|
|
1556 |
|
You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the first |
1557 |
|
thing to do is to make sure that you've got either |
1558 |
|
@itemize @bullet |
1559 |
|
@item |
1560 |
|
@uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html,ispell} |
1561 |
|
or |
1562 |
@item |
@item |
1563 |
Q2.7 What, if any, relation is between ``ask-server'' and ``(setq |
@uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/,aspell} |
1564 |
gnus-read-active-file 'some)''? |
@end itemize |
1565 |
|
@noindent |
1566 |
|
installed and in your Path. |
1567 |
|
|
1568 |
In order for Gnus to show you the complete list of newsgroups, it will |
Then you need |
1569 |
either have to either store the list locally, or ask the server to |
@uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html,ispell.el,ispell.el} |
1570 |
transmit the list. You enable the first with |
and for on-the-fly spell-checking |
1571 |
|
@uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/personnel/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html,flyspell.el,flyspell.el}. |
1572 |
|
Ispell.el is shipped with Gnus Emacs and available through the Emacs |
1573 |
|
package system, flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs |
1574 |
|
text-modes package which is available through the package system, so |
1575 |
|
there should be no need to install them manually. |
1576 |
|
|
1577 |
|
|
1578 |
@lisp |
Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say |
1579 |
(setq gnus-save-killed-list t) |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
1580 |
|
|
1581 |
and the second with |
@example |
1582 |
|
(setq ispell-program-name "aspell") |
1583 |
|
@end example |
1584 |
|
|
1585 |
|
|
1586 |
@lisp |
@noindent |
1587 |
(setq gnus-read-active-file t) |
in your Emacs configuration file. |
1588 |
@end lisp |
|
1589 |
|
|
1590 |
If both are disabled, Gnus will not know what newsgroups exists. There |
If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say |
1591 |
is no option to get the list by casting a spell. |
|
1592 |
|
|
1593 |
|
@example |
1594 |
|
(add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message) |
1595 |
|
@end example |
1596 |
|
|
1597 |
@item |
@noindent |
1598 |
Q2.8 Moving between groups is slow. |
In your ~/.gnus, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say |
1599 |
|
|
1600 |
|
|
1601 |
Per Abrahamsen <abraham@@dina.kvl.dk> writes:@* |
@example |
1602 |
|
(add-hook 'message-mode-hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1))) |
1603 |
|
@end example |
1604 |
|
|
1605 |
|
@ifnottex |
1606 |
|
@node [5.6], [5.7], [5.5], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1607 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1608 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.6: |
1609 |
|
|
1610 |
Do you call @code{define-key} or something like that in one of the |
Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to? |
1611 |
summary mode hooks? This would force Emacs to recalculate the keyboard |
|
|
shortcuts. Removing the call should speed up @kbd{M-x gnus-summary-mode |
|
|
RET} by a couple of orders of magnitude. You can use |
|
1612 |
|
|
1613 |
@lisp |
Answer: |
|
(define-key gnus-summary-mode-map KEY COMMAND) |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
1614 |
|
|
1615 |
in your @file{.gnus} instead. |
Yes, say something like |
1616 |
|
|
1617 |
|
|
1618 |
@end itemize |
@example |
1619 |
|
(add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook |
1620 |
|
(lambda () |
1621 |
|
(cond |
1622 |
|
((string-match |
1623 |
|
"^de\\." (gnus-group-real-name gnus-newsgroup-name)) |
1624 |
|
(ispell-change-dictionary "deutsch8")) |
1625 |
|
(t |
1626 |
|
(ispell-change-dictionary "english"))))) |
1627 |
|
@end example |
1628 |
|
|
1629 |
|
|
1630 |
|
@noindent |
1631 |
|
in ~/.gnus. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something |
1632 |
|
that suits your needs. |
1633 |
|
|
1634 |
|
@ifnottex |
1635 |
|
@node [5.7], [5.8], [5.6], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1636 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1637 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.7: |
1638 |
|
|
1639 |
|
Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember |
1640 |
|
all those email addresses? |
1641 |
|
|
1642 |
|
|
1643 |
|
Answer: |
1644 |
|
|
1645 |
|
There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases. |
1646 |
|
You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple |
1647 |
|
alias syntax: |
1648 |
|
|
1649 |
|
|
1650 |
@node Reading News FAQ |
@example |
1651 |
@subsection Reading News |
alias al "Al <al@@english-heritage.bla>" |
1652 |
|
@end example |
1653 |
|
|
1654 |
@itemize @bullet |
@noindent |
1655 |
@item |
Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation |
1656 |
Q3.1 How do I convert my kill files to score files? |
character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will |
1657 |
|
cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the |
1658 |
|
node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for |
1659 |
|
details. |
1660 |
|
|
1661 |
|
|
1662 |
|
However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother |
1663 |
|
Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from |
1664 |
|
@uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/,bbdb's homepage}. |
1665 |
|
Now place the following in ~/.gnus, to activate bbdb for Gnus: |
1666 |
|
|
1667 |
|
|
1668 |
@email{ethanb@@ptolemy.astro.washington.edu, Ethan Bradford} write a |
@example |
1669 |
kill-to-score translator. It is available from@* |
(require 'bbdb) |
1670 |
@file{http://baugi.ifi.uio.no/~larsi/ding-various/gnus-kill-to-score.el}. |
(bbdb-initialize 'gnus 'message) |
1671 |
|
@end example |
1672 |
|
|
1673 |
|
@noindent |
1674 |
|
Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration, |
1675 |
|
place them in ~/.emacs: |
1676 |
|
|
1677 |
|
|
1678 |
@item |
@example |
1679 |
Q3.2 My news server has a lot of groups, and killing groups is painfully |
(require 'bbdb) |
1680 |
slow. |
;;If you don't live in Northern America, you should disable the |
1681 |
|
;;syntax check for telephone numbers by saying |
1682 |
|
(setq bbdb-north-american-phone-numbers-p nil) |
1683 |
|
;;Tell bbdb about your email address: |
1684 |
|
(setq bbdb-user-mail-names |
1685 |
|
(regexp-opt '("Your.Email@@here.bla" |
1686 |
|
"Your.other@@mail.there.bla"))) |
1687 |
|
;;cycling while completing email addresses |
1688 |
|
(setq bbdb-complete-name-allow-cycling t) |
1689 |
|
;;No popup-buffers |
1690 |
|
(setq bbdb-use-pop-up nil) |
1691 |
|
@end example |
1692 |
|
|
1693 |
Don't do that then. The best way to get rid of groups that should be |
@noindent |
1694 |
dead is to edit your newsrc directly. This problem will be addressed |
Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET |
1695 |
in the near future. |
RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all |
1696 |
|
entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new |
1697 |
|
entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and |
1698 |
|
@samp{C-o} to add a new field to an |
1699 |
|
entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can |
1700 |
|
also just hit `:' on the posting in the summary buffer and |
1701 |
|
you are done. When you now compose a new mail, |
1702 |
|
hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know |
1703 |
|
recipients. |
1704 |
|
|
1705 |
|
@ifnottex |
1706 |
|
@node [5.8], [5.9], [5.7], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1707 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1708 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.8: |
1709 |
|
|
1710 |
|
Sometimes I see little images at the top of article |
1711 |
|
buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my |
1712 |
|
postings, too? |
1713 |
|
|
1714 |
|
|
1715 |
|
Answer: |
1716 |
|
|
1717 |
|
Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w |
1718 |
|
pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include |
1719 |
|
one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a |
1720 |
|
X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say |
1721 |
|
Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the |
1722 |
|
relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to |
1723 |
|
48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface |
1724 |
|
package from |
1725 |
|
@uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/,this site}. |
1726 |
|
and create the actual X-face by saying |
1727 |
|
|
1728 |
|
|
1729 |
|
@example |
1730 |
|
cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon |compface > file.face |
1731 |
|
cat ./file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g' | sed 's/\"/\\\"/g' > ./file.face.quoted |
1732 |
|
@end example |
1733 |
|
|
1734 |
@item |
@noindent |
1735 |
Q3.3 How do I use an NNTP server with authentication? |
If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter at@* |
1736 |
|
@uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}. If you use MS Windows, you |
1737 |
|
could also use the WinFace program from |
1738 |
|
@uref{http://www.xs4all.nl/~walterln/winface/}. |
1739 |
|
|
1740 |
Put the following into your .gnus: |
Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings |
1741 |
@lisp |
by saying |
|
(add-hook 'nntp-server-opened-hook 'nntp-send-authinfo) |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
1742 |
|
|
1743 |
|
@example |
1744 |
|
(setq message-default-headers |
1745 |
|
(with-temp-buffer |
1746 |
|
(insert "X-Face: ") |
1747 |
|
(insert-file-contents "~/.xemacs/xface") |
1748 |
|
(buffer-string))) |
1749 |
|
@end example |
1750 |
|
|
1751 |
@item |
@noindent |
1752 |
Q3.4 Not reading the first article. |
in ~/.gnus. |
1753 |
|
|
1754 |
|
@ifnottex |
1755 |
|
@node [5.9], [5.10], [5.8], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1756 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1757 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.9: |
1758 |
|
|
1759 |
|
Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in |
1760 |
|
newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in |
1761 |
|
newsgroups? |
1762 |
|
|
1763 |
|
|
1764 |
How do I avoid reading the first article when a group is selected? |
Answer: |
1765 |
|
|
1766 |
@enumerate |
Put this in ~/.gnus: |
1767 |
@item |
|
|
Use @kbd{RET} to select the group instead of @kbd{SPC}. |
|
1768 |
|
|
1769 |
@item |
@example |
1770 |
@code{(setq gnus-auto-select first nil)} |
(setq gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news t) |
1771 |
|
@end example |
1772 |
|
|
1773 |
@item |
@noindent |
1774 |
Luis Fernandes <elf@@mailhost.ee.ryerson.ca>writes:@* |
if you already use Gnus 5.10.0, if you still use 5.8.8 or |
1775 |
This is what I use...customize as necessary... |
5.9 try this instead: |
1776 |
|
|
1777 |
|
|
1778 |
@lisp |
@example |
1779 |
;;; Don't auto-select first article if reading sources, or |
(defadvice gnus-summary-reply (around reply-in-news activate) |
1780 |
;;; archives or jobs postings, etc. and just display the |
(interactive) |
1781 |
;;; summary buffer |
(when (or (not (gnus-news-group-p gnus-newsgroup-name)) |
1782 |
(add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook |
(y-or-n-p "Really reply? ")) |
1783 |
(function |
ad-do-it)) |
1784 |
(lambda () |
@end example |
1785 |
(cond ((string-match "sources" gnus-newsgroup-name) |
|
1786 |
(setq gnus-auto-select-first nil)) |
@ifnottex |
1787 |
((string-match "jobs" gnus-newsgroup-name) |
@node [5.10], [5.11], [5.9], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1788 |
(setq gnus-auto-select-first nil)) |
@end ifnottex |
1789 |
((string-match "comp\\.archives" gnus-newsgroup-name) |
@subsubheading Question 5.10: |
1790 |
(setq gnus-auto-select-first nil)) |
|
1791 |
((string-match "reviews" gnus-newsgroup-name) |
How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header? |
1792 |
(setq gnus-auto-select-first nil)) |
|
1793 |
((string-match "announce" gnus-newsgroup-name) |
|
1794 |
(setq gnus-auto-select-first nil)) |
Answer: |
1795 |
((string-match "binaries" gnus-newsgroup-name) |
|
1796 |
(setq gnus-auto-select-first nil)) |
Since 5.10.0 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by |
1797 |
(t |
default. For older Gnus' try this in ~/.gnus: |
1798 |
(setq gnus-auto-select-first t)))))) |
|
|
@end lisp |
|
1799 |
|
|
1800 |
@item |
@example |
1801 |
Per Abrahamsen <abraham@@dina.kvl.dk> writes:@* |
(eval-after-load "message" |
1802 |
Another possibility is to create an @file{all.binaries.all.SCORE} file |
'(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))) |
1803 |
like this: |
@end example |
1804 |
|
|
1805 |
@lisp |
|
1806 |
((local |
@ifnottex |
1807 |
(gnus-auto-select-first nil))) |
@node [5.11], [5.12], [5.10], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1808 |
@end lisp |
@end ifnottex |
1809 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.11: |
1810 |
and insert |
|
1811 |
@lisp |
I want gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and |
1812 |
(setq gnus-auto-select-first t) |
news, how to do it? |
1813 |
@end lisp |
|
1814 |
|
|
1815 |
|
Answer: |
1816 |
|
|
1817 |
|
You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do |
1818 |
|
this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the |
1819 |
|
group where the copies shall go or like in the example |
1820 |
|
below use a function which is evaluated and which returns |
1821 |
|
the group to use. |
1822 |
|
|
1823 |
|
|
1824 |
in your @file{.gnus}. |
@example |
1825 |
|
(setq gnus-message-archive-group |
1826 |
|
'((if (message-news-p) |
1827 |
|
"nnml:Send-News" |
1828 |
|
"nnml:Send-Mail"))) |
1829 |
|
@end example |
1830 |
|
|
1831 |
|
|
1832 |
|
@ifnottex |
1833 |
|
@node [5.12], , [5.11], FAQ 5 - Composing messages |
1834 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1835 |
|
@subsubheading Question 5.12: |
1836 |
|
|
1837 |
|
People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why |
1838 |
|
aren't they and how to fix it? |
1839 |
|
|
1840 |
|
|
1841 |
|
Answer: |
1842 |
|
|
1843 |
|
The message-ID is an unique identifier for messages you |
1844 |
|
send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine |
1845 |
|
name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine |
1846 |
|
where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't |
1847 |
|
at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use |
1848 |
|
by saying |
1849 |
|
@example |
1850 |
|
(setq message-user-fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld") |
1851 |
|
@end example |
1852 |
|
@noindent |
1853 |
|
in ~/.gnus. If you use Gnus 5.9 or ealier, you can use this |
1854 |
|
instead: |
1855 |
|
@example |
1856 |
|
(eval-after-load "message" |
1857 |
|
'(let (myfqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld");; <-- Edit this! |
1858 |
|
(if (boundp 'message-user-fqdn) |
1859 |
|
(setq message-user-fqdn fqdn) |
1860 |
|
(gnus-message 1 "Redefining `message-make-fqdn'.") |
1861 |
|
(defun message-make-fqdn () |
1862 |
|
"Return user's fully qualified domain name." |
1863 |
|
fqdn)))) |
1864 |
|
@end example |
1865 |
|
|
1866 |
@end enumerate |
If you have no idea what to insert for |
1867 |
|
"yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several |
1868 |
|
choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows |
1869 |
|
you to use something like |
1870 |
|
yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use |
1871 |
|
somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain |
1872 |
|
yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which |
1873 |
|
gives private users a FQDN for free, e.g. |
1874 |
|
@uref{http://www.stura.tu-freiberg.de/~dlx/addfqdn.html}. |
1875 |
|
(Sorry but this website is in German, if you know of an |
1876 |
|
English one offering the same, drop me a note). |
1877 |
|
|
1878 |
|
|
1879 |
|
Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID |
1880 |
|
for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying |
1881 |
|
|
1882 |
|
|
1883 |
@item |
@example |
1884 |
Q3.5 Why aren't BBDB known posters marked in the summary buffer? |
(setq message-required-news-headers |
1885 |
|
(remove' Message-ID message-required-news-headers)) |
1886 |
|
@end example |
1887 |
|
|
1888 |
Brian Edmonds <edmonds@@cs.ubc.ca> writes:@* |
@noindent |
1889 |
Due to changes in Gnus 5.0, @file{bbdb-gnus.el} no longer marks known |
you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying |
1890 |
posters in the summary buffer. An updated version, @file{gnus-bbdb.el} |
|
|
is available at the locations listed below. This package also supports |
|
|
autofiling of incoming mail to folders specified in the BBDB. Extensive |
|
|
instructions are included as comments in the file. |
|
1891 |
|
|
1892 |
Send mail to @file{majordomo@@edmonds.home.cs.ubc.ca} with the following |
@example |
1893 |
line in the body of the message: @emph{get misc gnus-bbdb.el}. |
(setq message-required-mail-headers |
1894 |
|
(remove' Message-ID message-required-mail-headers)) |
1895 |
|
@end example |
1896 |
|
|
1897 |
Or get it from the World Wide Web:@* |
@noindent |
1898 |
@file{http://www.cs.ubc.ca/spider/edmonds/gnus-bbdb.el}. |
, however some mail servers don't generate proper |
1899 |
|
Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves |
1900 |
|
correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID. |
1901 |
|
|
1902 |
|
|
1903 |
|
@ifnottex |
1904 |
|
@node FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, Frequently Asked Questions |
1905 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1906 |
|
@subsection Old messages |
1907 |
|
|
1908 |
@end itemize |
@menu |
1909 |
|
* [6.1]:: How to import my old mail into Gnus? |
1910 |
|
* [6.2]:: How to archive interesting messages? |
1911 |
|
* [6.3]:: How to search for a specific message? |
1912 |
|
* [6.4]:: How to get rid of old unwanted mail? |
1913 |
|
* [6.5]:: I want that all read messages are expired (at least in some |
1914 |
|
groups). How to do it? |
1915 |
|
* [6.6]:: I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them |
1916 |
|
to another group. |
1917 |
|
@end menu |
1918 |
|
|
1919 |
|
@ifnottex |
1920 |
|
@node [6.1], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages |
1921 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1922 |
|
@subsubheading Question 6.1: |
1923 |
|
|
1924 |
|
How to import my old mail into Gnus? |
1925 |
|
|
1926 |
|
|
1927 |
|
Answer: |
1928 |
|
|
1929 |
|
The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to |
1930 |
|
export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers |
1931 |
|
are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows |
1932 |
|
world, you may find tools at |
1933 |
|
@uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}. |
1934 |
|
|
1935 |
|
|
1936 |
|
Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do |
1937 |
|
this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by |
1938 |
|
saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in |
1939 |
|
Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your |
1940 |
|
mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal |
1941 |
|
Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've |
1942 |
|
just created by saying @samp{C-u RET} |
1943 |
|
(thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all |
1944 |
|
messages by saying @samp{M P b} and |
1945 |
|
either copy them to the desired group by saying |
1946 |
|
@samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them |
1947 |
|
through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying |
1948 |
|
@samp{B r}. |
1949 |
|
|
1950 |
|
@ifnottex |
1951 |
|
@node [6.2], [6.3], [6.1], FAQ 6 - Old messages |
1952 |
|
@end ifnottex |
1953 |
|
@subsubheading Question 6.2: |
1954 |
|
|
1955 |
|
How to archive interesting messages? |
1956 |
|
|
1957 |
|
|
1958 |
|
Answer: |
1959 |
|
|
1960 |
|
If you stumble across an interesting message, say in |
1961 |
|
gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several |
1962 |
|
solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file |
1963 |
|
by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't |
1964 |
|
it be much more convenient to have more direct access to |
1965 |
|
the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this |
1966 |
|
snippet by Frank Haun <pille3003@@fhaun.de> in |
1967 |
|
~/.gnus: |
1968 |
|
|
1969 |
|
|
1970 |
@node Reading Mail FAQ |
@example |
1971 |
@subsection Reading Mail |
(defun my-archive-article (&optional n) |
1972 |
|
"Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding `nnml:' group, e.g. |
1973 |
|
`gnus.ding' goes to `nnml:1.gnus.ding'. And `nnml:List-gnus.ding' goes |
1974 |
|
to `nnml:1.List-gnus-ding'. |
1975 |
|
|
1976 |
|
Use process marks or mark a region in the summary buffer to archive |
1977 |
|
more then one article." |
1978 |
|
(interactive "P") |
1979 |
|
(let ((archive-name |
1980 |
|
(format |
1981 |
|
"nnml:1.%s" |
1982 |
|
(if (featurep 'xemacs) |
1983 |
|
(replace-in-string gnus-newsgroup-name "^.*:" "") |
1984 |
|
(replace-regexp-in-string "^.*:" "" gnus-newsgroup-name))))) |
1985 |
|
(gnus-summary-copy-article n archive-name))) |
1986 |
|
@end example |
1987 |
|
|
1988 |
@itemize @bullet |
@noindent |
1989 |
@item |
You can now say @samp{M-x |
1990 |
Q4.1 What does the message ``Buffer has changed on disk'' mean in a mail |
my-archive-article} in summary buffer to |
1991 |
group? |
archive the article under the cursor in a nnml |
1992 |
|
group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end) |
1993 |
|
|
1994 |
|
|
1995 |
|
Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying |
1996 |
|
|
1997 |
|
|
1998 |
Your filter program should not deliver mail directly to your folders, |
@example |
1999 |
instead it should put the mail into spool files. Gnus will then move |
(setq gnus-use-cache t) |
2000 |
the mail safely from the spool files into the folders. This will |
@end example |
|
eliminate the problem. Look it up in the manual, in the section |
|
|
entitled ``Mail & Procmail''. |
|
2001 |
|
|
2002 |
|
@noindent |
2003 |
|
then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant |
2004 |
|
mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read |
2005 |
|
mark will remove them from cache. |
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
@ifnottex |
2008 |
|
@node [6.3], [6.4], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages |
2009 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2010 |
|
@subsubheading Question 6.3: |
2011 |
|
|
2012 |
|
How to search for a specific message? |
2013 |
|
|
2014 |
|
|
2015 |
|
Answer: |
2016 |
|
|
2017 |
|
There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from |
2018 |
|
a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask |
2019 |
|
@uref{http://groups.google.com,groups.google.com}, |
2020 |
|
if you found the posting there, tell Google to display |
2021 |
|
the raw message, look for the message-id, and say |
2022 |
|
@samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a |
2023 |
|
summary buffer. |
2024 |
|
Since Gnus 5.10.0 there's also a Gnus interface for |
2025 |
|
groups.google.com which you can call with |
2026 |
|
@samp{G W}) in group buffer. |
2027 |
|
|
2028 |
|
|
2029 |
|
Another idea which works for both mail and news groups |
2030 |
|
is to enter the group where the message you are |
2031 |
|
searching is and use the standard Emacs search |
2032 |
|
@samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at |
2033 |
|
articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to |
2034 |
|
search bodies, too try @samp{M-s} |
2035 |
|
instead. Further on there are the |
2036 |
|
gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you, |
2037 |
|
too. |
2038 |
|
|
2039 |
|
|
2040 |
|
Of course you can also use grep to search through your |
2041 |
|
local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and |
2042 |
|
inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail |
2043 |
|
in Gnus. Here comes nnir into action. Nnir is a front end |
2044 |
|
to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and |
2045 |
|
others. You index your mail with one of those search |
2046 |
|
engines and with the help of nnir you can search trough |
2047 |
|
the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all |
2048 |
|
messages which met your search criteria. If this sound |
2049 |
|
cool to you get nnir.el from |
2050 |
|
@uref{ftp://ls6-ftp.cs.uni-dortmund.de/pub/src/emacs/} |
2051 |
|
or @uref{ftp://ftp.is.informatik.uni-duisburg.de/pub/src/emacs/}. |
2052 |
|
Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file. |
2053 |
|
|
2054 |
|
@ifnottex |
2055 |
|
@node [6.4], [6.5], [6.3], FAQ 6 - Old messages |
2056 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2057 |
|
@subsubheading Question 6.4: |
2058 |
|
|
2059 |
|
How to get rid of old unwanted mail? |
2060 |
|
|
2061 |
|
|
2062 |
|
Answer: |
2063 |
|
|
2064 |
|
You can of course just mark the mail you don't need |
2065 |
|
anymore by saying @samp{#} with point |
2066 |
|
over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL} |
2067 |
|
to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of |
2068 |
|
actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by |
2069 |
|
saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which |
2070 |
|
you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended |
2071 |
|
way in Gnus. |
2072 |
|
|
2073 |
|
|
2074 |
|
In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news |
2075 |
|
server. That means you tell Gnus the message is |
2076 |
|
expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail |
2077 |
|
anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point |
2078 |
|
over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the |
2079 |
|
group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as |
2080 |
|
expirable before and if they are old enough (default is |
2081 |
|
older than a week) they are deleted. |
2082 |
|
|
2083 |
|
@ifnottex |
2084 |
|
@node [6.5], [6.6], [6.4], FAQ 6 - Old messages |
2085 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2086 |
|
@subsubheading Question 6.5: |
2087 |
|
|
2088 |
|
I want that all read messages are expired (at least in |
2089 |
|
some groups). How to do it? |
2090 |
|
|
2091 |
|
|
2092 |
|
Answer: |
2093 |
|
|
2094 |
|
If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g. in |
2095 |
|
mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've |
2096 |
|
got two choices: auto-expire and |
2097 |
|
total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article |
2098 |
|
which has no marks set and is selected for reading is |
2099 |
|
marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E} |
2100 |
|
for you every time you read a message. Total-expire |
2101 |
|
follows a slightly different approach, here all article |
2102 |
|
where the read mark is set are expirable. |
2103 |
|
|
2104 |
|
|
2105 |
|
To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the |
2106 |
|
Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G |
2107 |
|
c} in summary buffer with point over the |
2108 |
|
group to change group parameters). For total-expire add |
2109 |
|
total-expire to the group-parameters. |
2110 |
|
|
2111 |
|
|
2112 |
|
Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste: |
2113 |
|
Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with |
2114 |
|
Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature, |
2115 |
|
you should use total-expire. |
2116 |
|
|
2117 |
|
|
2118 |
|
If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in |
2119 |
|
a group where total or auto expire is active, set either |
2120 |
|
tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit |
2121 |
|
@samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you |
2122 |
|
can also set the read mark (hit |
2123 |
|
@samp{d}). |
2124 |
|
|
2125 |
|
@ifnottex |
2126 |
|
@node [6.6], , [6.5], FAQ 6 - Old messages |
2127 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2128 |
|
@subsubheading Question 6.6: |
2129 |
|
|
2130 |
|
I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them |
2131 |
|
to another group. |
2132 |
|
|
2133 |
|
|
2134 |
@item |
Answer: |
|
Q4.2 How do you make articles un-expirable? |
|
2135 |
|
|
2136 |
I am using nnml to read news and have used |
Say something like this in ~/.gnus: |
2137 |
@code{gnus-auto-expirable-newsgroups} to automagically expire articles |
|
|
in some groups (Gnus being one of them). Sometimes there are |
|
|
interesting articles in these groups that I want to keep. Is there any |
|
|
way of explicitly marking an article as un-expirable - that is mark it |
|
|
as read but not expirable? |
|
|
|
|
|
Use @kbd{u}, @kbd{!}, @kbd{d} or @kbd{M-u} in the summary buffer. You |
|
|
just remove the @kbd{E} mark by setting some other mark. It's not |
|
|
necessary to tick the articles. |
|
2138 |
|
|
2139 |
|
@example |
2140 |
|
(setq nnmail-expiry-target "nnml:expired") |
2141 |
|
@end example |
2142 |
|
|
2143 |
@item |
@noindent |
2144 |
Q4.3 How do I delete bogus nnml: groups? |
(If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target |
2145 |
|
on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable |
2146 |
|
threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other |
2147 |
|
variables specific for some groups?") |
2148 |
|
|
2149 |
|
|
2150 |
|
@ifnottex |
2151 |
|
@node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 6 - Old messages, Frequently Asked Questions |
2152 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2153 |
|
@subsection Gnus in a dial-up environment |
2154 |
|
|
2155 |
My problem is that I have various mail (nnml) groups generated while |
@menu |
2156 |
experimenting with Gnus. How do I remove them now? Setting the level to |
* [7.1]:: I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I |
2157 |
9 does not help. Also @code{gnus-group-check-bogus-groups} does not |
minimize the time I've got to be connected? |
2158 |
recognize them. |
* [7.2]:: So what was this thing about the Agent? |
2159 |
|
* [7.3]:: I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it? |
2160 |
Removing mail groups is tricky at the moment. (It's on the to-do list, |
* [7.4]:: How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings while |
2161 |
though.) You basically have to kill the groups in Gnus, shut down Gnus, |
I'm offline? |
2162 |
edit the active file to exclude these groups, and probably remove the |
@end menu |
|
nnml directories that contained these groups as well. Then start Gnus |
|
|
back up again. |
|
2163 |
|
|
2164 |
|
|
2165 |
|
@ifnottex |
2166 |
|
@node [7.1], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment |
2167 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2168 |
|
@subsubheading Question 7.1: |
2169 |
|
|
2170 |
|
I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can |
2171 |
|
I minimize the time I've got to be connected? |
2172 |
|
|
2173 |
|
|
2174 |
|
Answer: |
2175 |
|
|
2176 |
|
You've got basically two options: Either you use the |
2177 |
|
Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install |
2178 |
|
programs which fetch your news and mail to your local |
2179 |
|
disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local |
2180 |
|
machine. |
2181 |
|
|
2182 |
|
|
2183 |
|
If you want to follow the second approach, you need a |
2184 |
|
program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a |
2185 |
|
program which does the same for mail and a program which |
2186 |
|
receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them |
2187 |
|
when you're online. |
2188 |
|
|
2189 |
|
|
2190 |
|
Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part, the easiest |
2191 |
|
solution is a small nntp server like |
2192 |
|
@uref{http://www.leafnode.org/,Leafnode} or |
2193 |
|
@uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/,sn}, of course you can also |
2194 |
|
install a full featured news server like |
2195 |
|
@uref{http://www.isc.org/products/INN/,inn}. |
2196 |
|
|
2197 |
|
Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices are |
2198 |
|
@itemize @bullet |
2199 |
@item |
@item |
2200 |
Q4.4 What happened to my new mail groups? |
@uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/,fetchmail} and |
2201 |
|
@item |
2202 |
|
@uref{http://www.qcc.ca/~charlesc/software/getmail-3.0/,getmail}. |
2203 |
|
@end itemize |
2204 |
|
You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and Gnus to read |
2205 |
|
it from there. Last but not least the mail sending part: This can be |
2206 |
|
done with every MTA like @uref{http://www.sendmail.org/,sendmail}, |
2207 |
|
@uref{http://www.qmail.org/,postfix}, @uref{http://www.exim.org/,exim} |
2208 |
|
or @uref{http://www.qmail.org/,qmail}. |
2209 |
|
|
2210 |
|
|
2211 |
|
On windows boxes I'd vote for |
2212 |
|
@uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/,Hamster}, |
2213 |
|
it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches |
2214 |
|
your mail and news from remote servers and offers them |
2215 |
|
to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp |
2216 |
|
respectively POP3 or IMAP. It also includes a smtp |
2217 |
|
server for receiving mails from Gnus. |
2218 |
|
|
2219 |
|
@ifnottex |
2220 |
|
@node [7.2], [7.3], [7.1], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment |
2221 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2222 |
|
@subsubheading Question 7.2: |
2223 |
|
|
2224 |
|
So what was this thing about the Agent? |
2225 |
|
|
2226 |
|
|
2227 |
|
Answer: |
2228 |
|
|
2229 |
|
The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch |
2230 |
|
mail and news and store them on disk for reading them |
2231 |
|
later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline |
2232 |
|
newsreaders like e.g. Forte Agent. If you want to use |
2233 |
|
the Agent place the following in ~/.gnus if you are |
2234 |
|
still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10.0): |
2235 |
|
|
2236 |
|
|
2237 |
I got new mail, but I have |
@example |
2238 |
never seen the groups they should have been placed in. |
(setq gnus-agent t) |
2239 |
|
@end example |
2240 |
|
|
2241 |
|
|
2242 |
They are probably there, but as zombies. Press @kbd{A z} to list |
Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be |
2243 |
zombie groups, and then subscribe to the groups you want with @kbd{u}. |
stored locally. To do this, open the server buffer |
2244 |
This is all documented quite nicely in the user's manual. |
(that is press @samp{^} while in the |
2245 |
|
group buffer). Now select a server by moving point to |
2246 |
|
the line naming that server. Finally, agentize the |
2247 |
|
server by typing @samp{J a}. If you |
2248 |
|
make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this |
2249 |
|
action by typing @samp{J r}. When |
2250 |
|
you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer. |
2251 |
|
Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized |
2252 |
|
server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from |
2253 |
|
there the next time you enter the group. |
2254 |
|
|
2255 |
|
@ifnottex |
2256 |
|
@node [7.3], [7.4], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment |
2257 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2258 |
|
@subsubheading Question 7.3: |
2259 |
|
|
2260 |
|
I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it? |
2261 |
|
|
2262 |
|
|
2263 |
|
Answer: |
2264 |
|
|
2265 |
|
You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies |
2266 |
|
of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is |
2267 |
|
done in a special buffer which can be reached by |
2268 |
|
saying @samp{J c} in group |
2269 |
|
buffer. Please refer to the documentation for |
2270 |
|
information which predicates are possible and how |
2271 |
|
exactly to do it. |
2272 |
|
|
2273 |
|
|
2274 |
|
Further on you can tell the agent manually which |
2275 |
|
articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do |
2276 |
|
this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a |
2277 |
|
set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by |
2278 |
|
saying @samp{#} with point over the |
2279 |
|
article and then type @samp{J s}. The |
2280 |
|
other possibility is to set, again in the summary |
2281 |
|
buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you |
2282 |
|
want by typing @samp{@@} with point over |
2283 |
|
the article and then typing @samp{J u}. |
2284 |
|
What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as |
2285 |
|
soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable |
2286 |
|
marks are permanent. You can actually set downloadable |
2287 |
|
marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in |
2288 |
|
the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles. The |
2289 |
|
only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of |
2290 |
|
the headers for every selected group on an agentized |
2291 |
|
server. Depending on the volume of headers, the initial |
2292 |
|
fetch session could take hours. |
2293 |
|
|
2294 |
|
@ifnottex |
2295 |
|
@node [7.4], , [7.3], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment |
2296 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2297 |
|
@subsubheading Question 7.4: |
2298 |
|
|
2299 |
|
How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings |
2300 |
|
while I'm offline? |
2301 |
|
|
2302 |
|
|
2303 |
|
Answer: |
2304 |
|
|
2305 |
|
All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online |
2306 |
|
(plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest |
2307 |
|
works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged |
2308 |
|
state by saying @samp{J j} in group |
2309 |
|
buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x |
2310 |
|
gnus-unplugged} instead of |
2311 |
|
@samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to |
2312 |
|
work, the agent must be active. |
2313 |
|
|
2314 |
|
|
2315 |
|
@ifnottex |
2316 |
|
@node FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, Frequently Asked Questions |
2317 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2318 |
|
@subsection Getting help |
2319 |
|
|
2320 |
|
@menu |
2321 |
|
* [8.1]:: How to find information and help inside Emacs? |
2322 |
|
* [8.2]:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X |
2323 |
|
(e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented? |
2324 |
|
* [8.3]:: Which websites should I know? |
2325 |
|
* [8.4]:: Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there? |
2326 |
|
* [8.5]:: Where to report bugs? |
2327 |
|
* [8.6]:: I need real-time help, where to find it? |
2328 |
|
@end menu |
2329 |
|
|
2330 |
@item |
@ifnottex |
2331 |
Q4.5 Not scoring mail groups |
@node [8.1], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 8 - Getting help |
2332 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2333 |
|
@subsubheading Question 8.1: |
2334 |
|
|
2335 |
|
How to find information and help inside Emacs? |
2336 |
|
|
2337 |
|
|
2338 |
|
Answer: |
2339 |
|
|
2340 |
|
The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say |
2341 |
|
@samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the |
2342 |
|
Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a |
2343 |
|
full-text search with @samp{s}). Then |
2344 |
|
there are the general Emacs help commands starting with |
2345 |
|
C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list |
2346 |
|
of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally |
2347 |
|
@samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you |
2348 |
|
search through all available functions and @samp{M-x |
2349 |
|
apropos} searches the bound variables. |
2350 |
|
|
2351 |
|
@ifnottex |
2352 |
|
@node [8.2], [8.3], [8.1], FAQ 8 - Getting help |
2353 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2354 |
|
@subsubheading Question 8.2: |
2355 |
|
|
2356 |
|
I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X |
2357 |
|
(e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented? |
2358 |
|
|
2359 |
|
|
2360 |
|
Answer: |
2361 |
|
|
2362 |
|
There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals |
2363 |
|
for message, emacs-mime, sieve and pgg. Those packages |
2364 |
|
are distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't |
2365 |
|
really part of core Gnus, so they are documented in |
2366 |
|
different info files, you should have a look in those |
2367 |
|
manuals, too. |
2368 |
|
|
2369 |
|
@ifnottex |
2370 |
|
@node [8.3], [8.4], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help |
2371 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2372 |
|
@subsubheading Question 8.3: |
2373 |
|
|
2374 |
|
Which websites should I know? |
2375 |
|
|
2376 |
|
|
2377 |
|
Answer: |
2378 |
|
|
2379 |
|
The two most important ones are the |
2380 |
|
@uref{http://www.gnus.org,official Gnus website}. |
2381 |
|
and it's sister site |
2382 |
|
@uref{http://my.gnus.org,my.gnus.org (MGO)}, |
2383 |
|
hosting an archive of lisp snippets, howtos, a (not |
2384 |
|
really finished) tutorial and this FAQ. |
2385 |
|
|
2386 |
|
|
2387 |
|
Tell me about other sites which are interesting. |
2388 |
|
|
2389 |
|
@ifnottex |
2390 |
|
@node [8.4], [8.5], [8.3], FAQ 8 - Getting help |
2391 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2392 |
|
@subsubheading Question 8.4: |
2393 |
|
|
2394 |
|
Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there? |
2395 |
|
|
2396 |
|
|
2397 |
|
Answer: |
2398 |
|
|
2399 |
|
There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (pull it from |
2400 |
|
e.g. news.gnus.org) which deals with general questions |
2401 |
|
and the ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) dealing with |
2402 |
|
development of Gnus. You can read the ding list via |
2403 |
|
NNTP, too under the name gnus.ding from news.gnus.org. |
2404 |
|
|
2405 |
|
|
2406 |
|
If you want to stay in the big8, |
2407 |
|
news.software.newssreaders is also read by some Gnus |
2408 |
|
users (but chances for qualified help are much better in |
2409 |
|
the above groups) and if you speak German, there's |
2410 |
|
de.comm.software.gnus. |
2411 |
|
|
2412 |
|
@ifnottex |
2413 |
|
@node [8.5], [8.6], [8.4], FAQ 8 - Getting help |
2414 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2415 |
|
@subsubheading Question 8.5: |
2416 |
|
|
2417 |
|
Where to report bugs? |
2418 |
|
|
2419 |
|
|
2420 |
|
Answer: |
2421 |
|
|
2422 |
|
Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start a message to the |
2423 |
|
@email{bugs@@gnus.org,gnus bug mailing list} including information |
2424 |
|
about your environment which make it easier to help you. |
2425 |
|
|
2426 |
|
@ifnottex |
2427 |
|
@node [8.6], , [8.5], FAQ 8 - Getting help |
2428 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2429 |
|
@subsubheading Question 8.6: |
2430 |
|
|
2431 |
|
I need real-time help, where to find it? |
2432 |
|
|
2433 |
|
|
2434 |
|
Answer: |
2435 |
|
|
2436 |
|
Point your IRC client to irc.my.gnus.org channel |
2437 |
|
#mygnus. Don't be afraid if people there speak German, |
2438 |
|
they are willing and capable of switching to |
2439 |
|
English when people from outside Germany enter. |
2440 |
|
|
2441 |
|
|
2442 |
|
@ifnottex |
2443 |
|
@node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ - Glossary, FAQ 8 - Getting help, Frequently Asked Questions |
2444 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2445 |
|
@subsection Tuning Gnus |
2446 |
|
|
2447 |
How do you @emph{totally} turn off scoring in mail groups? |
@menu |
2448 |
|
* [9.1]:: Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up? |
2449 |
|
* [9.2]:: How to speed up the process of entering a group? |
2450 |
|
* [9.3]:: Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up? |
2451 |
|
@end menu |
2452 |
|
|
2453 |
Use an nnbabyl:all.SCORE (or nnmh, or nnml, or whatever) file containing: |
@ifnottex |
2454 |
|
@node [9.1], [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus |
2455 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2456 |
|
@subsubheading Question 9.1: |
2457 |
|
|
2458 |
|
Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up? |
2459 |
|
|
2460 |
|
|
2461 |
|
Answer: |
2462 |
|
|
2463 |
|
The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads it's |
2464 |
|
active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus |
2465 |
|
manual for things you might try to speed the process up. |
2466 |
|
An other idea would be to byte compile your ~/.gnus (say |
2467 |
|
@samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus |
2468 |
|
RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require |
2469 |
|
statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with |
2470 |
|
eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup |
2471 |
|
time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your |
2472 |
|
~/.gnus: |
2473 |
|
|
2474 |
|
|
2475 |
@example |
@example |
2476 |
((adapt ignore) |
(require 'message) |
2477 |
(local (gnus-use-scoring nil)) |
(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)) |
|
(exclude-files "all.SCORE")) |
|
2478 |
@end example |
@end example |
2479 |
|
|
2480 |
@end itemize |
@noindent |
2481 |
|
then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If |
2482 |
|
you replace it with |
2483 |
|
|
2484 |
|
|
2485 |
|
@example |
2486 |
|
(eval-after-load "message" |
2487 |
|
'(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))) |
2488 |
|
@end example |
2489 |
|
|
2490 |
|
@noindent |
2491 |
|
it's loaded when it's needed. |
2492 |
|
|
2493 |
|
@ifnottex |
2494 |
|
@node [9.2], [9.3], [9.1], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus |
2495 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2496 |
|
@subsubheading Question 9.2: |
2497 |
|
|
2498 |
|
How to speed up the process of entering a group? |
2499 |
|
|
2500 |
|
|
2501 |
|
Answer: |
2502 |
|
|
2503 |
|
A speed killer is setting the variable |
2504 |
|
gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from nil, |
2505 |
|
so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up |
2506 |
|
building of summary say |
2507 |
|
|
2508 |
|
|
2509 |
|
@example |
2510 |
|
(gnus-compile) |
2511 |
|
@end example |
2512 |
|
|
2513 |
|
@noindent |
2514 |
|
at the bottom of your ~/.gnus, this will make gnus |
2515 |
|
byte-compile things like |
2516 |
|
gnus-summary-line-format. |
2517 |
|
then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold |
2518 |
|
by saying something like |
2519 |
|
|
2520 |
|
|
2521 |
|
@example |
2522 |
|
(setq gc-cons-threshold 3500000) |
2523 |
|
@end example |
2524 |
|
|
2525 |
|
@noindent |
2526 |
|
in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK |
2527 |
|
characters or use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger together with a |
2528 |
|
recent GNU Emacs, you should say |
2529 |
|
|
2530 |
|
|
2531 |
|
@example |
2532 |
|
(setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil) |
2533 |
|
@end example |
2534 |
|
|
2535 |
|
|
2536 |
|
@noindent |
2537 |
|
in ~/.gnus (thanks to Jesper harder for the last |
2538 |
|
two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8 |
2539 |
|
or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary |
2540 |
|
buffer generation, you definitely should update to |
2541 |
|
5.10.0 since there quite some work on improving it has |
2542 |
|
been done. |
2543 |
|
|
2544 |
|
@ifnottex |
2545 |
|
@node [9.3], , [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus |
2546 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2547 |
|
@subsubheading Question 9.3: |
2548 |
|
|
2549 |
|
Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up? |
2550 |
|
|
2551 |
|
|
2552 |
|
Answer: |
2553 |
|
|
2554 |
|
The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the |
2555 |
|
messages you wrote by setting |
2556 |
|
gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group |
2557 |
|
instead of an archive group, this should bring you back |
2558 |
|
to normal speed. |
2559 |
|
|
2560 |
|
|
2561 |
|
@ifnottex |
2562 |
|
@node FAQ - Glossary, , FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, Frequently Asked Questions |
2563 |
|
@end ifnottex |
2564 |
|
@subsection Glossary |
2565 |
|
|
2566 |
|
@table @dfn |
2567 |
|
|
2568 |
|
@item ~/.gnus |
2569 |
|
When the term ~/.gnus is used it just means your Gnus |
2570 |
|
configuration file. You might as well call it ~/.gnus.el or |
2571 |
|
specify another name. |
2572 |
|
|
2573 |
|
|
2574 |
|
@item Back End |
2575 |
|
In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer |
2576 |
|
between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or |
2577 |
|
whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface |
2578 |
|
to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc. |
2579 |
|
|
2580 |
|
|
2581 |
|
@item Emacs |
2582 |
|
When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU |
2583 |
|
Emacs or XEmacs. |
2584 |
|
|
2585 |
|
|
2586 |
|
@item Message |
2587 |
|
In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a |
2588 |
|
Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter |
2589 |
|
of which kind it is. |
2590 |
|
|
2591 |
|
|
2592 |
|
@item MUA |
2593 |
|
MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you |
2594 |
|
use to read and write e-mails. |
2595 |
|
|
2596 |
|
|
2597 |
|
@item NUA |
2598 |
|
NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you |
2599 |
|
use to read and write Usenet news. |
2600 |
|
|
2601 |
|
@end table |
2602 |
|
|
2603 |
|
@c @bye |
2604 |
|
|
2605 |
@ignore |
@ignore |
2606 |
arch-tag: 64dc5692-edb4-4848-a965-7aa0181acbb8 |
arch-tag: 64dc5692-edb4-4848-a965-7aa0181acbb8 |