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revision 1.42 by rms, Thu Feb 3 07:20:07 2005 UTC revision 1.43 by rms, Sun Feb 6 11:06:56 2005 UTC
# Line 73  point, the one underneath the cursor, li Line 73  point, the one underneath the cursor, li
73  @cindex newline  @cindex newline
74     To end a line and start typing a new one, type @key{RET}.  This     To end a line and start typing a new one, type @key{RET}.  This
75  inserts a newline character in the buffer.  If point is in the middle of  inserts a newline character in the buffer.  If point is in the middle of
76  a line, @key{RET} splits the line.  Typing @key{DEL} when the cursor is  a line, the effect is to split the line.  Typing @key{DEL} when the cursor is
77  at the beginning of a line deletes the preceding newline, thus joining  at the beginning of a line deletes the preceding newline, thus joining
78  the line with the preceding line.  the line with the preceding line.
79    
# Line 219  numeric argument @var{n}, move to @var{n Line 219  numeric argument @var{n}, move to @var{n
219  @item M->  @item M->
220  Move to the end of the buffer (@code{end-of-buffer}).  Move to the end of the buffer (@code{end-of-buffer}).
221  @item C-v  @item C-v
222  Scroll the display one screen forward, and move point if necessary to put  @itemx @key{PAGEDOWN}
223  it on the screen (@code{scroll-up}).  This doesn't always  @itemx @key{PRIOR}
224  move point, but it is commonly used to do so.  Scroll the display one screen forward, and move point if necessary to
225  If your keyboard has a @key{PAGEDOWN} key, it does the same thing.  put it on the screen (@code{scroll-up}).  This doesn't always move
226    point, but it is commonly used to do so.  If your keyboard has a
227    @key{PAGEDOWN} or @key{PRIOR} key, it does the same thing.
228    
229  Scrolling commands are further described in @ref{Scrolling}.  Scrolling commands are further described in @ref{Scrolling}.
230  @item M-v  @item M-v
231    @itemx @key{PAGEUP}
232    @itemx @key{NEXT}
233  Scroll one screen backward, and move point if necessary to put it on  Scroll one screen backward, and move point if necessary to put it on
234  the screen (@code{scroll-down}).  This doesn't always move point, but  the screen (@code{scroll-down}).  This doesn't always move point, but
235  it is commonly used to do so.  The @key{PAGEUP} key has the same  it is commonly used to do so.  If your keyboard has a @key{PAGEUP} or
236  effect.  @key{NEXT} key, it does the same thing.
237  @item M-x goto-char  @item M-x goto-char
238  Read a number @var{n} and move point to buffer position @var{n}.  Read a number @var{n} and move point to buffer position @var{n}.
239  Position 1 is the beginning of the buffer.  Position 1 is the beginning of the buffer.
# Line 256  to the end of another line.  Normally, @ Line 260  to the end of another line.  Normally, @
260  @xref{Variables}, for how to set variables such as @code{track-eol}.  @xref{Variables}, for how to set variables such as @code{track-eol}.
261    
262  @vindex next-line-add-newlines  @vindex next-line-add-newlines
263    @kbd{C-n} normally gets an error when you use it on the last line of    @kbd{C-n} normally stops at the end of the bufer when you use it on
264  the buffer (just as @kbd{C-p} gets an error on the first line).  But  the last line of the buffer.  But if you set the variable
265  if you set the variable @code{next-line-add-newlines} to a  @code{next-line-add-newlines} to a non-@code{nil} value, @kbd{C-n} on
266  non-@code{nil} value, @kbd{C-n} on the last line of a buffer creates  the last line of a buffer creates an additional line at the end and
267  an additional line at the end and moves down onto it.  moves down onto it.
268    
269  @node Erasing  @node Erasing
270  @section Erasing Text  @section Erasing Text
# Line 319  tedious. Line 323  tedious.
323  @item C-x u  @item C-x u
324  Undo one batch of changes---usually, one command worth (@code{undo}).  Undo one batch of changes---usually, one command worth (@code{undo}).
325  @item C-_  @item C-_
326    @itemx C-/
327  The same.  The same.
328  @item C-u C-x u  @item C-u C-x u
329  Undo one batch of changes in the region.  Undo one batch of changes in the region.
# Line 326  Undo one batch of changes in the region. Line 331  Undo one batch of changes in the region.
331    
332  @kindex C-x u  @kindex C-x u
333  @kindex C-_  @kindex C-_
334    @kindex C-/
335  @findex undo  @findex undo
336    The command @kbd{C-x u} or @kbd{C-_} is how you undo.  The first time    The command @kbd{C-x u} (or @kbd{C-_} or @kbd{C-/}) is how you undo.
337  you give this command, it undoes the last change.  Point moves back to  The first time you give this command, it undoes the last change.
338  where it was before the command that made the change.  Point moves back to where it was before the command that made the
339    change.
340    
341    Consecutive repetitions of @kbd{C-_} or @kbd{C-x u} undo earlier and    Consecutive repetitions of @kbd{C-_} or @kbd{C-x u} undo earlier and
342  earlier changes, back to the limit of the undo information available.  earlier changes, back to the limit of the undo information available.
# Line 345  the sequence of undoing, then type more Line 352  the sequence of undoing, then type more
352  @cindex selective undo  @cindex selective undo
353  @kindex C-u C-x u  @kindex C-u C-x u
354    Ordinary undo applies to all changes made in the current buffer.  You    Ordinary undo applies to all changes made in the current buffer.  You
355  can also perform @dfn{selective undo}, limited to the current region.  can also perform @dfn{selective undo}, limited to the current region
356    (@pxref{The Region}).
357  To do this, specify the region you want, then run the @code{undo}  To do this, specify the region you want, then run the @code{undo}
358  command with a prefix argument (the value does not matter): @kbd{C-u C-x  command with a prefix argument (the value does not matter): @kbd{C-u C-x
359  u} or @kbd{C-u C-_}.  This undoes the most recent change in the region.  u} or @kbd{C-u C-_}.  This undoes the most recent change in the region.
360  To undo further changes in the same region, repeat the @code{undo}  To undo further changes in the same region, repeat the @code{undo}
361  command (no prefix argument is needed).  In Transient Mark mode, any use  command (no prefix argument is needed).  In Transient Mark mode
362  of @code{undo} when there is an active region performs selective undo;  (@pxref{Transient Mark}), any use of @code{undo} when there is an
363  you do not need a prefix argument.  active region performs selective undo; you do not need a prefix
364    argument.
365    
366    If you notice that a buffer has been modified accidentally, the    If you notice that a buffer has been modified accidentally, the
367  easiest way to recover is to type @kbd{C-_} repeatedly until the stars  easiest way to recover is to type @kbd{C-_} repeatedly until the stars
# Line 407  future.  But if you didn't expect the co Line 416  future.  But if you didn't expect the co
416  undo data, then it is probably a bug and you should report it.  undo data, then it is probably a bug and you should report it.
417  @xref{Bugs,, Reporting Bugs}.  @xref{Bugs,, Reporting Bugs}.
418    
419    The reason the @code{undo} command has two keys, @kbd{C-x u} and    The reason the @code{undo} command has three key bindings, @kbd{C-x
420  @kbd{C-_}, set up to run it is that it is worthy of a single-character  u}, @kbd{C-_} and @kbd{C-/}, is that it is worthy of a
421  key, but on some keyboards it is not obvious how to type @kbd{C-_}.  single-character key, but @kbd{C-x u} is more straightforward for
422  @kbd{C-x u} is an alternative you can type straightforwardly on any  beginners to type.
 terminal.  
423    
424  @node Basic Files  @node Basic Files
425  @section Files  @section Files
# Line 722  act in the opposite direction. Line 730  act in the opposite direction.
730  @kindex M-@t{-}  @kindex M-@t{-}
731  @findex digit-argument  @findex digit-argument
732  @findex negative-argument  @findex negative-argument
733    If your terminal keyboard has a @key{META} key, the easiest way to    If your terminal keyboard has a @key{META} key (labeled @key{ALT} on
734  specify a numeric argument is to type digits and/or a minus sign while  PC keyboards), the easiest way to specify a numeric argument is to
735  holding down the @key{META} key.  For example,  type digits and/or a minus sign while holding down the @key{META} key.
736    For example,
737    
738  @example  @example
739  M-5 C-n  M-5 C-n
# Line 777  with an argument of one.  (@xref{Killing Line 786  with an argument of one.  (@xref{Killing
786    A few commands treat a plain @kbd{C-u} differently from an ordinary    A few commands treat a plain @kbd{C-u} differently from an ordinary
787  argument.  A few others may treat an argument of just a minus sign  argument.  A few others may treat an argument of just a minus sign
788  differently from an argument of @minus{}1.  These unusual cases are  differently from an argument of @minus{}1.  These unusual cases are
789  described when they come up; they are always for reasons of convenience  described when they come up; they are always for reasons of
790  of use of the individual command.  convenience of use of the individual command, and they are documented
791    in the command's documentation string.
792    
793    You can use a numeric argument to insert multiple copies of a    You can use a numeric argument to insert multiple copies of a
794  character.  This is straightforward unless the character is a digit; for  character.  This is straightforward unless the character is a digit; for

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