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revision 1.31 by eliz, Fri Mar 22 13:41:46 2002 UTC revision 1.31.2.1 by miles, Fri Apr 4 06:20:42 2003 UTC
# Line 1  Line 1 
1  @c -*-texinfo-*-  @c -*-texinfo-*-
2  @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.  @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
3  @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999  @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999
4  @c   Free Software Foundation, Inc.  @c   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5  @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.  @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
6  @setfilename ../info/objects  @setfilename ../info/objects
7  @node Lisp Data Types, Numbers, Introduction, Top  @node Lisp Data Types, Numbers, Introduction, Top
# Line 248  with a question mark. Line 248  with a question mark.
248    The usual read syntax for alphanumeric characters is a question mark    The usual read syntax for alphanumeric characters is a question mark
249  followed by the character; thus, @samp{?A} for the character  followed by the character; thus, @samp{?A} for the character
250  @kbd{A}, @samp{?B} for the character @kbd{B}, and @samp{?a} for the  @kbd{A}, @samp{?B} for the character @kbd{B}, and @samp{?a} for the
251  character @kbd{a}.    character @kbd{a}.
252    
253    For example:    For example:
254    
# Line 279  way to write the space character.  If th Line 279  way to write the space character.  If th
279  @cindex @samp{\r}  @cindex @samp{\r}
280  @cindex escape  @cindex escape
281  @cindex @samp{\e}  @cindex @samp{\e}
282    @cindex space
283    @cindex @samp{\s}
284    You can express the characters Control-g, backspace, tab, newline,    You can express the characters Control-g, backspace, tab, newline,
285  vertical tab, formfeed, return, del, and escape as @samp{?\a},  vertical tab, formfeed, space, return, del, and escape as @samp{?\a},
286  @samp{?\b}, @samp{?\t}, @samp{?\n}, @samp{?\v}, @samp{?\f},  @samp{?\b}, @samp{?\t}, @samp{?\n}, @samp{?\v}, @samp{?\f},
287  @samp{?\r}, @samp{?\d}, and @samp{?\e}, respectively.  Thus,  @samp{?\r}, @samp{?\d}, @samp{?\e}, and @samp{?\s}, respectively.  Thus,
288    
289  @example  @example
290  ?\a @result{} 7                 ; @r{@kbd{C-g}}  ?\a @result{} 7                 ; @r{@kbd{C-g}}
# Line 293  vertical tab, formfeed, return, del, and Line 295  vertical tab, formfeed, return, del, and
295  ?\f @result{} 12                ; @r{formfeed character, @kbd{C-l}}  ?\f @result{} 12                ; @r{formfeed character, @kbd{C-l}}
296  ?\r @result{} 13                ; @r{carriage return, @key{RET}, @kbd{C-m}}  ?\r @result{} 13                ; @r{carriage return, @key{RET}, @kbd{C-m}}
297  ?\e @result{} 27                ; @r{escape character, @key{ESC}, @kbd{C-[}}  ?\e @result{} 27                ; @r{escape character, @key{ESC}, @kbd{C-[}}
298    ?\s @result{} 32                ; @r{space character, @key{SPC}}
299  ?\\ @result{} 92                ; @r{backslash character, @kbd{\}}  ?\\ @result{} 92                ; @r{backslash character, @kbd{\}}
300  ?\d @result{} 127               ; @r{delete character, @key{DEL}}  ?\d @result{} 127               ; @r{delete character, @key{DEL}}
301  @end example  @end example
# Line 397  bit to indicate that the shift key was u Line 400  bit to indicate that the shift key was u
400  character.  This distinction is possible only when you use X terminals  character.  This distinction is possible only when you use X terminals
401  or other special terminals; ordinary terminals do not report the  or other special terminals; ordinary terminals do not report the
402  distinction to the computer in any way.  The Lisp syntax for  distinction to the computer in any way.  The Lisp syntax for
403  the shift bit is @samp{\S-}; thus, @samp{?\C-\S-o} or @samp{?\C-\S-O}  the shift bit is @samp{\S-}; thus, @samp{?\C-\S-o} or @samp{?\C-\S-O}
404  represents the shifted-control-o character.  represents the shifted-control-o character.
405    
406  @cindex hyper characters  @cindex hyper characters
# Line 407  represents the shifted-control-o charact Line 410  represents the shifted-control-o charact
410  in a character: @dfn{hyper}, @dfn{super} and @dfn{alt}.  The syntaxes  in a character: @dfn{hyper}, @dfn{super} and @dfn{alt}.  The syntaxes
411  for these bits are @samp{\H-}, @samp{\s-} and @samp{\A-}.  (Case is  for these bits are @samp{\H-}, @samp{\s-} and @samp{\A-}.  (Case is
412  significant in these prefixes.)  Thus, @samp{?\H-\M-\A-x} represents  significant in these prefixes.)  Thus, @samp{?\H-\M-\A-x} represents
413  @kbd{Alt-Hyper-Meta-x}.  @kbd{Alt-Hyper-Meta-x}.  Note that @samp{\s} (without the @samp{-})
414    represents the space character.
415  @tex  @tex
416  Numerically, the  Numerically, the
417  bit values are @math{2^{22}} for alt, @math{2^{23}} for super and @math{2^{24}} for hyper.  bit values are @math{2^{22}} for alt, @math{2^{23}} for super and @math{2^{24}} for hyper.
# Line 455  you should add a backslash before any of Line 459  you should add a backslash before any of
459  @samp{()\|;'`"#.,} to avoid confusing the Emacs commands for editing  @samp{()\|;'`"#.,} to avoid confusing the Emacs commands for editing
460  Lisp code.  Also add a backslash before whitespace characters such as  Lisp code.  Also add a backslash before whitespace characters such as
461  space, tab, newline and formfeed.  However, it is cleaner to use one of  space, tab, newline and formfeed.  However, it is cleaner to use one of
462  the easily readable escape sequences, such as @samp{\t}, instead of an  the easily readable escape sequences, such as @samp{\t} or @samp{\s},
463  actual whitespace character such as a tab.  instead of an actual whitespace character such as a tab or a space.
464    
465  @node Symbol Type  @node Symbol Type
466  @subsection Symbol Type  @subsection Symbol Type
# Line 899  ignores an escaped newline while reading Line 903  ignores an escaped newline while reading
903  in documentation strings,  in documentation strings,
904  but the newline is \  but the newline is \
905  ignored if escaped."  ignored if escaped."
906       @result{} "It is useful to include newlines       @result{} "It is useful to include newlines
907  in documentation strings,  in documentation strings,
908  but the newline is ignored if escaped."  but the newline is ignored if escaped."
909  @end example  @end example
910    
# Line 932  character to the string, but it does ter Line 936  character to the string, but it does ter
936  represent a unibyte non-@sc{ascii} character with its character code,  represent a unibyte non-@sc{ascii} character with its character code,
937  which must be in the range from 128 (0200 octal) to 255 (0377 octal).  which must be in the range from 128 (0200 octal) to 255 (0377 octal).
938  This forces a unibyte string.  This forces a unibyte string.
939      
940    @xref{Text Representations}, for more information about the two    @xref{Text Representations}, for more information about the two
941  text representations.  text representations.
942    
# Line 1071  that it begins with @samp{#&} followed b Line 1075  that it begins with @samp{#&} followed b
1075  constant that follows actually specifies the contents of the bool-vector  constant that follows actually specifies the contents of the bool-vector
1076  as a bitmap---each ``character'' in the string contains 8 bits, which  as a bitmap---each ``character'' in the string contains 8 bits, which
1077  specify the next 8 elements of the bool-vector (1 stands for @code{t},  specify the next 8 elements of the bool-vector (1 stands for @code{t},
1078  and 0 for @code{nil}).  The least significant bits of the character  and 0 for @code{nil}).  The least significant bits of the character
1079  correspond to the lowest indices in the bool-vector.  If the length is not a  correspond to the lowest indices in the bool-vector.  If the length is not a
1080  multiple of 8, the printed representation shows extra elements, but  multiple of 8, the printed representation shows extra elements, but
1081  these extras really make no difference.  these extras really make no difference.

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